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A Friendly Introduction to Machine Learning with ml5.js

Prepared for ITP Camp 2019 by Yining Shi & Joey Lee

keywords: machine learning, ml5.js, p5.js, friendly, introduction, workshop

TLDR

  • This is an introductory workshop to machine learning with ml5.js
  • Context/Audience: initially prepared for ITP Camp 2019. ITP Campers are usually creative tech folks or creative tech adjacent, but we hope this workshop can be used with audiences of all shapes and types.
  • General overview of machine learning concepts and terms with emphasis on learning through making.
  • We use ml5.js, a javascript library to do machine learning for the web.

About

Welcome to this friendly introduction to machine learning with ml5.js. We're happy you're here.

Code of Conduct

ml5.js is about machine learning and people.A major part of the ml5.js project is about creating broader engagement with machine learning and its effects on you, me, and the people and environment. As a user of ml5.js you are agreeing to abide by the ml5.js code of conduct. It's easy and fun to be nice and respectful to those around you. Let's have a wonderful workshop together. If you're looking for more details on what constitutes being "not nice" please see Mozilla's Community Participation Guidelines which are applicable to the space that ml5.js wants to create.

If you have any questions or need to report any issues please contact: [email protected]

Overview:

Agenda

~2.5 hours

  • Hello! (5 mins)
  • Intro to Machine Learning (30 mins)
  • Intro to ml5.js (15 mins)
  • Quick 5 Min Break
  • Coding session (~45 mins)
  • Build a quick-and-dirty demo (~30 mins)
  • Present demo (10 mins)
  • Q&A, Closing notes (5 mins)
  • Farewell + happy camping!(5 mins)

Key Questions and Takeaways

This is an introductory workshop to machine learning. We are focused on helping you to not only learn through making but also start to reflect through making. The following questions are here to help focus the learning and reflecting.

  • What is ml5.js?
  • What is the relationship between ml5 and tensorflow.js?
  • Why machine learning in the browser is possible? and why is this amazing?
  • Why machine learning in the browser is important also for democratizing machine learning?
  • Why we need to be able to “poke” at machine learning as creatives - to see how the implications of “state of the art” impact people differently?

The AI/ML universe

AI/ML isn't just about advancements in technology, it is about a broader universe of things that are coming together (or diverging). These include changes (or lackthereof) in governance, cultural and social interactions with, awareness of, and attitudes, and feelings towards these new technologies, the development of new tools and communities around and against AI/ML, expansion of AI/ML education, and use of AI/ML in art and design or other domains outside "traditional AI/ML" spaces (e.g. engineering and computer science).

We increasingly interact with machine learning every day, whether it is through the way we access content through media providers such as Netflix, Twitter, and Instagram, or how we get from A to B on transit and vehicles. These increasingly algorithmically and data driven interactions do not come from the ether, but rather are the result of a complex and chaotic assemblage of social and technical forces.

It is worth thinking about how the following factors affect or are affected by changes in AI/ML.

  • Research
  • Policies
  • Environment
  • Tools
  • Communities
  • Education
  • Art/Design

Coding session

Let’s build a The Unicorn Race is an interactive game built with p5.js in which the audience races🏃‍♀️ characters across the screen based on what the computer “sees 👀” and “hears 👂”.

The game uses ml5.js to use machine learning models trained in Google’s Teachable Machine and tensorflow.js to allow the game to recognize custom objects 👜 and sounds 🔊.

See live Demo!

Resources

  • Link to slides
    • Slide presentation with introductions, overview of terms, project highlights and more.
  • ml5.js website:
    • The main ml5.js website
  • ml5.js organization:
    • The ml5.js github organization. Here you can see all the repositories that make up the ml5.js project.
  • ml5.js library:
    • The main library for ml5.js. This is where all the ✨happens!
  • ml5.js examples:
    • The examples that correspond to all of the functions that are available in the ml5.js library. Emphasis is given to p5.js examples.
  • ml5.js examples on p5 web editor
    • The examples can be found as well in the p5 web editor. You can run the sketches directly and tweak the examples as you'd like. Note, some of the examples currently do not work in the editor.
  • ml5.js Medium blog page
    • ml5's Medium blog page.

Terms

Collected from Yining's Week 1 of Machine Learning for the Web

  • Artificial Intelligence:
    • AI is the science of making things smart:
    • Human Intelligence Exhibited by Machines
    • A broad term for getting computers to perform human tasks
    • General AI: fabulous machines that have all our senses (maybe even more), all our reason, and think just like we do.
    • Most of AI today is Narrow AI systems that can only do one (or a few) defined things as well or better than humans.
  • Machine Learning:
    • One of the Approaches to Achieve Artificial Intelligence
    • A field of computer science that uses statistical techniques to give computer systems the ability to "learn" with data, without being explicitly programmed.
    • LOTS OF DATA
    • Types of machine learning learning styles:
      • Supervised Learning:
        • Training data is labeled
      • Unsupervised Learning:
        • The machine learn from an unlabelled data set.
        • Unsupervised learning can be grouped into clustering and dimensionality reduction.
      • Reinforcement Learning:
        • The machine learn by trial-and-error through reward or punishment.
    • Types of machine learning outputs:
      • Regression: Predict continuous values (price of a stock)
      • Classification: Predict a class/label (cat or dog?)
      • Clustering: Most similar other examples (Amazon related products recommendation)
      • Sequence Prediction: Predict the next word/sentence
    • Types of machine learning use cases:
      • Object Recognition
      • Speech and Sound Detection
      • Natural Language Processing
      • Prediction
      • Translation
  • Deep Learning:
    • A technique for implementing Machine Learning
    • Deep learning - Uses multi-layered artificial neural networks to deliver state-of-the-art accuracy.
    • Can automatically learn representations/features from data such as images, video or text.

The Machine Learning Process:

The process of machine learning is messy. Like most data related projects, 80% of your time or more will be spent cleaning and preparing data for use. The rest of the time will be the actual "making" of your project. The machine learning process might be broadly (over)simplified into a handful of steps which includes: Data collection, data preparation, Training a machine learning model, and product/service integration.

  • Data collection
    • E.g. an artist writes a script to automatically download all images of cats, dogs, and badgers from the internet.
  • Data preparation
    • E.g. the artist uses a crowd tasking service to 1. confirm that the image is either a cat, dog or badger, 2. Tag the image with the animal type, 3. Crop the image of the animal to a square aspect ratio. The artist then resizes all the images to 64x64px
  • Training a machine learning model
    • E.g. the artist: 1. Uses a popular machine learning framework called Tensorflow in python to create a neural network. To create a neural network the artist, writes code that specifies image processing and data crunching methods that aim to pull out unique features for each animal type in the given images. The artist then 2. Iteratively refines and tests the model to achieve the highest accuracy.
  • Product/service integration...and awesome art projects
    • E.g. the artist opensources this new pre-trained dog/cat/badger model. This comes just in time since the ASPCA in NYC has been in great need of a method to differentiate between the animals in their shelters. The artist is hired to create a web application that uses this model to label their shelter animals “cat”, or “dog” or “badger”.

ml5 in 3

ml5 in 3 steps

Unicorn Racing Game:

Live coding session for Unicorn Racing Game to showcase how you can use ml5 to integrate machine learning to add new types of interactions to your interactives!

Choose your own adventure

Team up and come up with a machine learning application using some of these suggestions below!

... Or try adapting code from any of the other ml5 examples:

References

Online Learning Materials, Courses, and Workshops

Project references

Tools

Friendlier ML tools

  • ml5.js
  • RunwayMl - Machine learning for creators. "Bring the power of artificial intelligence to your creative projects with an intuitive and simple visual interface. Start exploring new ways of creating today."
  • Google's teachable machine - do transfer learning in the browser with google's teachable machine.

ML APIs for Python and javascript (advanced)

  • Tensorflow for python
  • Tensorflowjs - TensorFlow.js is a library for developing and training ML models in JavaScript, and deploying in browser or on Node.js
  • Keras - Keras: The Python Deep Learning library

Cloud computing (advanced)

  • Google co-lab -
  • Spell.run - "The most flexible and powerful end-to-end platform for ML and deep learning engineering."
  • Paperspace - "The first cloud built for the future. Powering next-generation applications and cloud ML/AI pipelines."

Other

FAQ

What is the difference between machine learning and AI?

  • ...

what is the difference between a model, a pre-trained model, and an algorithm? What is the correct way to refer to those things?

  • ...