wcag.json

{
    "principles": [
        {
            "id": "perceivable",
            "num": "1. ",
            "handle": " Perceivable ",
            "title": "Information and user interface components must be presentable to users in ways they\n            can perceive.\n         ",
            "content": "<p>Information and user interface components must be presentable to users in ways they\n            can perceive.\n         </p>",
            "guidelines": [
                {
                    "id": "text-alternatives",
                    "num": "1.1",
                    "handle": "Text Alternatives",
                    "title": "Provide text alternatives for any non-text content so that it can be changed into\n               other forms people need, such as large print, braille, speech, symbols or simpler\n               language.\n            ",
                    "content": "<p>Provide text alternatives for any non-text content so that it can be changed into\n               other forms people need, such as large print, braille, speech, symbols or simpler\n               language.\n            </p>",
                    "successcriteria": [
                        {
                            "id": "non-text-content",
                            "num": "1.1.1",
                            "handle": "Non-text Content",
                            "level": "(Level A)",
                            "content": "  <p>All <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-non-text-content\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-non-text-content-1\" title=\"any content that is not a sequence of characters that can be programmatically determined or where the sequence is not expressing something in human language\">non-text content</a> that is presented to the user has a <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-text-alternative\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-text-alternative-1\" title=\"Text that is programmatically associated with non-text content or referred to from text that is programmatically associated with non-text content. Programmatically associated text is text whose location can be programmatically determined from the non-text content.\">text alternative</a> that serves the equivalent purpose, except for the situations listed below.    </p>   <dl> <dt>Controls, Input</dt> <dd> <p>If non-text content is a control or accepts user input, then it has a <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-name\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-name-1\" title=\"text by which software can identify a component within Web content to the user\">name</a> that describes its purpose. (Refer to <a href=\"#name-role-value\">Success Criterion 4.1.2</a> for additional requirements for controls and content that accepts user input.)          </p> </dd> <dt>Time-Based Media</dt> <dd> <p>If non-text content is time-based media, then text alternatives at least provide descriptive             identification of the non-text content. (Refer to <a href=\"#time-based-media\">Guideline 1.2</a> for additional requirements for media.)          </p> </dd> <dt>Test</dt> <dd> <p>If non-text content is a test or exercise that would be invalid if presented in <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-text\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-text-1\" title=\"sequence of characters that can be programmatically determined, where the sequence is expressing something in human language\">text</a>, then text alternatives at least provide descriptive identification of the non-text             content.          </p> </dd> <dt>Sensory</dt> <dd> <p>If non-text content is primarily intended to create a <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-specific-sensory-experience\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-specific-sensory-experience-1\" title=\"a sensory experience that is not purely decorative and does not primarily convey important information or perform a function\">specific sensory experience</a>, then text alternatives at least provide descriptive identification of the non-text             content.          </p> </dd> <dt><a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-captcha\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-captcha-1\" title='initialism for \"Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell Computers and Humans Apart\"'>CAPTCHA</a></dt> <dd> <p>If the purpose of non-text content is to confirm that content is being accessed by             a person rather than a computer, then text alternatives that identify and describe             the purpose of the non-text content are provided, and alternative forms of CAPTCHA             using output modes for different types of sensory perception are provided to accommodate             different disabilities.          </p> </dd> <dt>Decoration, Formatting, Invisible</dt> <dd> <p>If non-text content is <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-pure-decoration\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-pure-decoration-1\" title=\"serving only an aesthetic purpose, providing no information, and having no functionality\">pure decoration</a>, is used only for visual formatting, or is not presented to users, then it is implemented             in a way that it can be ignored by <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-assistive-technologies\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-assistive-technologies-1\" title=\"hardware and/or software that acts as a user agent, or along with a mainstream user agent, to provide functionality to meet the requirements of users with disabilities that go beyond those offered by mainstream user agents\">assistive technology</a>.          </p> </dd> </dl>  "
                        }
                    ]
                },
                {
                    "id": "time-based-media",
                    "num": "1.2",
                    "handle": "Time-based Media",
                    "title": "Provide alternatives for time-based media.",
                    "content": "<p>Provide alternatives for time-based media.</p>",
                    "successcriteria": [
                        {
                            "id": "audio-only-and-video-only-prerecorded",
                            "num": "1.2.1",
                            "handle": "Audio-only and Video-only (Prerecorded)",
                            "level": "(Level A)",
                            "content": "  <p>For <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-prerecorded\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-prerecorded-1\" title=\"information that is not live\">prerecorded</a> <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-audio-only\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-audio-only-1\" title=\"a time-based presentation that contains only audio (no video and no interaction)\">audio-only</a> and prerecorded <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-video-only\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-video-only-1\" title=\"a time-based presentation that contains only video (no audio and no interaction)\">video-only</a> media, the following are true, except when the audio or video is a <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-media-alternative-for-text\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-media-alternative-for-text-1\" title=\"media that presents no more information than is already presented in text (directly or via text alternatives)\">media alternative for text</a> and is clearly labeled as such:    </p>   <dl> <dt>Prerecorded Audio-only</dt> <dd> <p>An <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-alternative-for-time-based-media\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-alternative-for-time-based-media-1\" title=\"document including correctly sequenced text descriptions of time-based visual and auditory information and providing a means for achieving the outcomes of any time-based interaction\">alternative for time-based media</a> is provided that presents equivalent information for prerecorded audio-only content.          </p> </dd> <dt>Prerecorded Video-only</dt> <dd> <p>Either an alternative for time-based media or an audio track is provided that presents             equivalent information for prerecorded video-only content.          </p> </dd> </dl>  "
                        },
                        {
                            "id": "captions-prerecorded",
                            "num": "1.2.2",
                            "handle": "Captions (Prerecorded)",
                            "level": "(Level A)",
                            "content": "  <p><a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-captions\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-captions-1\" title=\"synchronized visual and/or text alternative for both speech and non-speech audio information needed to understand the media content\">Captions</a> are provided for all <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-prerecorded\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-prerecorded-2\" title=\"information that is not live\">prerecorded</a> <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-audio\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-audio-1\" title=\"the technology of sound reproduction\">audio</a> content in <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-synchronized-media\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-synchronized-media-1\" title=\"audio or video synchronized with another format for presenting information and/or with time-based interactive components, unless the media is a media alternative for text that is clearly labeled as such\">synchronized media</a>, except when the media is a <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-media-alternative-for-text\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-media-alternative-for-text-2\" title=\"media that presents no more information than is already presented in text (directly or via text alternatives)\">media alternative for text</a> and is clearly labeled as such.    </p>  "
                        },
                        {
                            "id": "audio-description-or-media-alternative-prerecorded",
                            "num": "1.2.3",
                            "handle": "Audio Description or Media Alternative (Prerecorded)",
                            "level": "(Level A)",
                            "content": "  <p>An <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-alternative-for-time-based-media\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-alternative-for-time-based-media-2\" title=\"document including correctly sequenced text descriptions of time-based visual and auditory information and providing a means for achieving the outcomes of any time-based interaction\">alternative for time-based media</a> or <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-audio-descriptions\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-audio-descriptions-1\" title=\"narration added to the soundtrack to describe important visual details that cannot be understood from the main soundtrack alone\">audio description</a> of the <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-prerecorded\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-prerecorded-3\" title=\"information that is not live\">prerecorded</a> <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-video\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-video-1\" title=\"the technology of moving or sequenced pictures or images\">video</a> content is provided for <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-synchronized-media\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-synchronized-media-2\" title=\"audio or video synchronized with another format for presenting information and/or with time-based interactive components, unless the media is a media alternative for text that is clearly labeled as such\">synchronized media</a>, except when the media is a <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-media-alternative-for-text\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-media-alternative-for-text-3\" title=\"media that presents no more information than is already presented in text (directly or via text alternatives)\">media alternative for text</a> and is clearly labeled as such.    </p>  "
                        },
                        {
                            "id": "captions-live",
                            "num": "1.2.4",
                            "handle": "Captions (Live)",
                            "level": "(Level AA)",
                            "content": "  <p><a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-captions\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-captions-2\" title=\"synchronized visual and/or text alternative for both speech and non-speech audio information needed to understand the media content\">Captions</a> are provided for all <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-live\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-live-1\" title=\"information captured from a real-world event and transmitted to the receiver with no more than a broadcast delay\">live</a> <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-audio\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-audio-2\" title=\"the technology of sound reproduction\">audio</a> content in <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-synchronized-media\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-synchronized-media-3\" title=\"audio or video synchronized with another format for presenting information and/or with time-based interactive components, unless the media is a media alternative for text that is clearly labeled as such\">synchronized media</a>.    </p>  "
                        },
                        {
                            "id": "audio-description-prerecorded",
                            "num": "1.2.5",
                            "handle": "Audio Description (Prerecorded)",
                            "level": "(Level AA)",
                            "content": "  <p><a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-audio-descriptions\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-audio-descriptions-2\" title=\"narration added to the soundtrack to describe important visual details that cannot be understood from the main soundtrack alone\">Audio description</a> is provided for all <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-prerecorded\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-prerecorded-4\" title=\"information that is not live\">prerecorded</a> <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-video\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-video-2\" title=\"the technology of moving or sequenced pictures or images\">video</a> content in <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-synchronized-media\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-synchronized-media-4\" title=\"audio or video synchronized with another format for presenting information and/or with time-based interactive components, unless the media is a media alternative for text that is clearly labeled as such\">synchronized media</a>.    </p>  "
                        },
                        {
                            "id": "sign-language-prerecorded",
                            "num": "1.2.6",
                            "handle": "Sign Language (Prerecorded)",
                            "level": "(Level AAA)",
                            "content": "  <p><a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-sign-language-interpretation\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-sign-language-interpretation-1\" title=\"translation of one language, generally a spoken language, into a sign language\">Sign language interpretation</a> is provided for all <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-prerecorded\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-prerecorded-5\" title=\"information that is not live\">prerecorded</a> <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-audio\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-audio-3\" title=\"the technology of sound reproduction\">audio</a> content in <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-synchronized-media\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-synchronized-media-5\" title=\"audio or video synchronized with another format for presenting information and/or with time-based interactive components, unless the media is a media alternative for text that is clearly labeled as such\">synchronized media</a>.    </p>  "
                        },
                        {
                            "id": "extended-audio-description-prerecorded",
                            "num": "1.2.7",
                            "handle": "Extended Audio Description (Prerecorded)",
                            "level": "(Level AAA)",
                            "content": "  <p>Where pauses in foreground audio are insufficient to allow <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-audio-descriptions\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-audio-descriptions-3\" title=\"narration added to the soundtrack to describe important visual details that cannot be understood from the main soundtrack alone\">audio descriptions</a> to convey the sense of the video, <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-extended-audio-description\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-extended-audio-description-1\" title=\"audio description that is added to an audiovisual presentation by pausing the video so that there is time to add additional description\">extended audio description</a> is provided for all <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-prerecorded\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-prerecorded-6\" title=\"information that is not live\">prerecorded</a> <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-video\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-video-3\" title=\"the technology of moving or sequenced pictures or images\">video</a> content in <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-synchronized-media\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-synchronized-media-6\" title=\"audio or video synchronized with another format for presenting information and/or with time-based interactive components, unless the media is a media alternative for text that is clearly labeled as such\">synchronized media</a>.    </p>  "
                        },
                        {
                            "id": "media-alternative-prerecorded",
                            "num": "1.2.8",
                            "handle": "Media Alternative (Prerecorded)",
                            "level": "(Level AAA)",
                            "content": "  <p>An <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-alternative-for-time-based-media\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-alternative-for-time-based-media-3\" title=\"document including correctly sequenced text descriptions of time-based visual and auditory information and providing a means for achieving the outcomes of any time-based interaction\">alternative for time-based media</a> is provided for all <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-prerecorded\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-prerecorded-7\" title=\"information that is not live\">prerecorded</a> <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-synchronized-media\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-synchronized-media-7\" title=\"audio or video synchronized with another format for presenting information and/or with time-based interactive components, unless the media is a media alternative for text that is clearly labeled as such\">synchronized media</a> and for all prerecorded <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-video-only\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-video-only-2\" title=\"a time-based presentation that contains only video (no audio and no interaction)\">video-only</a> media.    </p>  "
                        },
                        {
                            "id": "audio-only-live",
                            "num": "1.2.9",
                            "handle": "Audio-only (Live)",
                            "level": "(Level AAA)",
                            "content": "  <p>An <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-alternative-for-time-based-media\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-alternative-for-time-based-media-4\" title=\"document including correctly sequenced text descriptions of time-based visual and auditory information and providing a means for achieving the outcomes of any time-based interaction\">alternative for time-based media</a> that presents equivalent information for <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-live\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-live-2\" title=\"information captured from a real-world event and transmitted to the receiver with no more than a broadcast delay\">live</a> <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-audio-only\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-audio-only-2\" title=\"a time-based presentation that contains only audio (no video and no interaction)\">audio-only</a> content is provided.    </p>  "
                        }
                    ]
                },
                {
                    "id": "adaptable",
                    "num": "1.3",
                    "handle": "Adaptable",
                    "title": "Create content that can be presented in different ways (for example simpler layout)\n               without losing information or structure.\n            ",
                    "content": "<p>Create content that can be presented in different ways (for example simpler layout)\n               without losing information or structure.\n            </p>",
                    "successcriteria": [
                        {
                            "id": "info-and-relationships",
                            "num": "1.3.1",
                            "handle": "Info and Relationships",
                            "level": "(Level A)",
                            "content": "  <p>Information, <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-structure\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-structure-1\" title=\"The way the parts of a Web page are organized in relation to each other; and The way a collection of Web pages is organized\">structure</a>, and <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-relationships\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-relationships-1\" title=\"meaningful associations between distinct pieces of content\">relationships</a> conveyed through <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-presentation\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-presentation-1\" title=\"rendering of the content in a form to be perceived by users\">presentation</a> can be <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-programmatically-determinable\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-programmatically-determinable-1\" title=\"determined by software from author-supplied data provided in a way that different user agents, including assistive technologies, can extract and present this information to users in different modalities\">programmatically determined</a> or are available in text.    </p>  "
                        },
                        {
                            "id": "meaningful-sequence",
                            "num": "1.3.2",
                            "handle": "Meaningful Sequence",
                            "level": "(Level A)",
                            "content": "  <p>When the sequence in which content is presented affects its meaning, a <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-correct-reading-sequence\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-correct-reading-sequence-1\" title=\"any sequence where words and paragraphs are presented in an order that does not change the meaning of the content\">correct reading sequence</a> can be <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-programmatically-determinable\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-programmatically-determinable-2\" title=\"determined by software from author-supplied data provided in a way that different user agents, including assistive technologies, can extract and present this information to users in different modalities\">programmatically determined</a>.    </p>  "
                        },
                        {
                            "id": "sensory-characteristics",
                            "num": "1.3.3",
                            "handle": "Sensory Characteristics",
                            "level": "(Level A)",
                            "content": "  <p>Instructions provided for understanding and operating content do not rely solely on       sensory characteristics of components such as shape, color, size, visual location, orientation,       or sound.    </p>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"5\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note</span></div><p class=\"\">For requirements related to color, refer to <a href=\"#distinguishable\">Guideline 1.4</a>.</p></div>  "
                        },
                        {
                            "id": "orientation",
                            "num": "1.3.4",
                            "handle": "Orientation",
                            "level": "(Level AA)",
                            "content": "  <p>Content does not restrict its view and operation to a single display orientation, such as portrait or landscape, unless a specific display orientation is <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-essential\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-essential-1\" title=\"if removed, would fundamentally change the information or functionality of the content, and information and functionality cannot be achieved in another way that would conform\">essential</a>.</p>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-0\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"5\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-0\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note</span></div><p class=\"\">Examples where a particular display orientation may be essential are a bank check, a piano application, slides for a projector or television, or virtual reality content where content is not necessarily restricted to landscape or portrait display orientation.</p></div>  "
                        },
                        {
                            "id": "identify-input-purpose",
                            "num": "1.3.5",
                            "handle": "Identify Input Purpose",
                            "level": "(Level AA)",
                            "content": "  <p>The purpose of each input field collecting information about the user can be <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-programmatically-determinable\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-programmatically-determinable-3\" title=\"determined by software from author-supplied data provided in a way that different user agents, including assistive technologies, can extract and present this information to users in different modalities\">programmatically determined</a> when:</p>   <ul> <li>The input field serves a purpose identified in the <a href=\"#input-purposes\">Input Purposes for user interface components section</a>; and</li> <li>The content is implemented using technologies with support for identifying the expected meaning for form input data.</li> </ul>  "
                        },
                        {
                            "id": "identify-purpose",
                            "num": "1.3.6",
                            "handle": "Identify Purpose",
                            "level": "(Level AAA)",
                            "content": "  <p>In content implemented using markup languages, the purpose of <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-user-interface-components\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-user-interface-components-1\" title=\"a part of the content that is perceived by users as a single control for a distinct function\">user interface components</a>, icons, and <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-regions\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-regions-1\" title=\"perceivable, programmatically determined section of content\">regions</a> can be <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-programmatically-determinable\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-programmatically-determinable-4\" title=\"determined by software from author-supplied data provided in a way that different user agents, including assistive technologies, can extract and present this information to users in different modalities\">programmatically determined</a>.</p>  "
                        }
                    ]
                },
                {
                    "id": "distinguishable",
                    "num": "1.4",
                    "handle": "Distinguishable",
                    "title": "Make it easier for users to see and hear content including separating foreground from\n               background.\n            ",
                    "content": "<p>Make it easier for users to see and hear content including separating foreground from\n               background.\n            </p>",
                    "successcriteria": [
                        {
                            "id": "use-of-color",
                            "num": "1.4.1",
                            "handle": "Use of Color",
                            "level": "(Level A)",
                            "content": "  <p>Color is not used as the only visual means of conveying information, indicating an       action, prompting a response, or distinguishing a visual element.    </p>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-1\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"5\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-1\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note</span></div><p class=\"\">This success criterion addresses color perception specifically. Other forms of perception are covered in <a href=\"#adaptable\">Guideline 1.3</a> including programmatic access to color and other visual presentation coding.</p></div>  "
                        },
                        {
                            "id": "audio-control",
                            "num": "1.4.2",
                            "handle": "Audio Control",
                            "level": "(Level A)",
                            "content": "  <p>If any audio on a Web page plays automatically for more than 3 seconds, either a <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-mechanism\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-mechanism-1\" title=\"process or technique for achieving a result\">mechanism</a> is available to pause or stop the audio, or a mechanism is available to control audio       volume independently from the overall system volume level.    </p>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-2\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"5\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-2\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note</span></div><p class=\"\">Since any content that does not meet this success criterion can interfere with a user's       ability to use the whole page, all content on the Web page (whether or not it is used       to meet other success criteria) must meet this success criterion. See <a href=\"#cc5\">Conformance Requirement 5: Non-Interference</a>.    </p></div>  "
                        },
                        {
                            "id": "contrast-minimum",
                            "num": "1.4.3",
                            "handle": "Contrast (Minimum)",
                            "level": "(Level AA)",
                            "content": "  <p>The visual presentation of <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-text\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-text-2\" title=\"sequence of characters that can be programmatically determined, where the sequence is expressing something in human language\">text</a> and <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-images-of-text\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-images-of-text-1\" title=\"text that has been rendered in a non-text form (e.g., an image) in order to achieve a particular visual effect\">images of text</a> has a <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-contrast-ratio\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-contrast-ratio-1\" title=\"(L1 + 0.05) / (L2 + 0.05), where\">contrast ratio</a> of at least 4.5:1, except for the following:    </p>   <dl> <dt>Large Text</dt> <dd> <p><a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-large-scale\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-large-scale-1\" title=\"with at least 18 point or 14 point bold or font size that would yield equivalent size for Chinese, Japanese and Korean (CJK) fonts\">Large-scale</a> text and images of large-scale text have a contrast ratio of at least 3:1;          </p> </dd> <dt>Incidental</dt> <dd> <p>Text or images of text that are part of an inactive <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-user-interface-components\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-user-interface-components-2\" title=\"a part of the content that is perceived by users as a single control for a distinct function\">user interface component</a>, that are <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-pure-decoration\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-pure-decoration-2\" title=\"serving only an aesthetic purpose, providing no information, and having no functionality\">pure decoration</a>, that are not visible to anyone, or that are part of a picture that contains significant             other visual content, have no contrast requirement.          </p> </dd> <dt>Logotypes</dt> <dd> <p>Text that is part of a logo or brand name has no contrast requirement.</p> </dd> </dl>  "
                        },
                        {
                            "id": "resize-text",
                            "num": "1.4.4",
                            "handle": "Resize Text",
                            "level": "(Level AA)",
                            "content": "  <p>Except for <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-captions\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-captions-3\" title=\"synchronized visual and/or text alternative for both speech and non-speech audio information needed to understand the media content\">captions</a> and <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-images-of-text\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-images-of-text-2\" title=\"text that has been rendered in a non-text form (e.g., an image) in order to achieve a particular visual effect\">images of text</a>, <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-text\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-text-3\" title=\"sequence of characters that can be programmatically determined, where the sequence is expressing something in human language\">text</a> can be resized without <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-assistive-technologies\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-assistive-technologies-2\" title=\"hardware and/or software that acts as a user agent, or along with a mainstream user agent, to provide functionality to meet the requirements of users with disabilities that go beyond those offered by mainstream user agents\">assistive technology</a> up to 200 percent without loss of content or functionality.    </p>  "
                        },
                        {
                            "id": "images-of-text",
                            "num": "1.4.5",
                            "handle": "Images of Text",
                            "level": "(Level AA)",
                            "content": "  <p>If the technologies being used can achieve the visual presentation, <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-text\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-text-4\" title=\"sequence of characters that can be programmatically determined, where the sequence is expressing something in human language\">text</a> is used to convey information rather than <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-images-of-text\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-images-of-text-3\" title=\"text that has been rendered in a non-text form (e.g., an image) in order to achieve a particular visual effect\">images of text</a> except for the following:    </p>   <dl> <dt>Customizable</dt> <dd> <p>The image of text can be <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-visually-customized\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-visually-customized-1\" title=\"the font, size, color, and background can be set\">visually customized</a> to the user's requirements;          </p> </dd> <dt>Essential</dt> <dd> <p>A particular presentation of text is <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-essential\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-essential-2\" title=\"if removed, would fundamentally change the information or functionality of the content, and information and functionality cannot be achieved in another way that would conform\">essential</a> to the information being conveyed.          </p> </dd> </dl>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-3\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"5\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-3\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note</span></div><p class=\"\">Logotypes (text that is part of a logo or brand name) are considered essential.</p></div>  "
                        },
                        {
                            "id": "contrast-enhanced",
                            "num": "1.4.6",
                            "handle": "Contrast (Enhanced)",
                            "level": "(Level AAA)",
                            "content": "  <p>The visual presentation of <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-text\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-text-5\" title=\"sequence of characters that can be programmatically determined, where the sequence is expressing something in human language\">text</a> and <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-images-of-text\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-images-of-text-4\" title=\"text that has been rendered in a non-text form (e.g., an image) in order to achieve a particular visual effect\">images of text</a> has a <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-contrast-ratio\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-contrast-ratio-2\" title=\"(L1 + 0.05) / (L2 + 0.05), where\">contrast ratio</a> of at least 7:1, except for the following:    </p>   <dl> <dt>Large Text</dt> <dd> <p><a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-large-scale\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-large-scale-2\" title=\"with at least 18 point or 14 point bold or font size that would yield equivalent size for Chinese, Japanese and Korean (CJK) fonts\">Large-scale</a> text and images of large-scale text have a contrast ratio of at least 4.5:1;          </p> </dd> <dt>Incidental</dt> <dd> <p>Text or images of text that are part of an inactive <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-user-interface-components\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-user-interface-components-3\" title=\"a part of the content that is perceived by users as a single control for a distinct function\">user interface component</a>, that are <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-pure-decoration\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-pure-decoration-3\" title=\"serving only an aesthetic purpose, providing no information, and having no functionality\">pure decoration</a>, that are not visible to anyone, or that are part of a picture that contains significant             other visual content, have no contrast requirement.          </p> </dd> <dt>Logotypes</dt> <dd> <p>Text that is part of a logo or brand name has no contrast requirement.</p> </dd> </dl>  "
                        },
                        {
                            "id": "low-or-no-background-audio",
                            "num": "1.4.7",
                            "handle": "Low or No Background Audio",
                            "level": "(Level AAA)",
                            "content": "  <p>For <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-prerecorded\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-prerecorded-8\" title=\"information that is not live\">prerecorded</a> <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-audio-only\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-audio-only-3\" title=\"a time-based presentation that contains only audio (no video and no interaction)\">audio-only</a> content that (1) contains primarily speech in the foreground, (2) is not an audio       <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-captcha\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-captcha-2\" title='initialism for \"Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell Computers and Humans Apart\"'>CAPTCHA</a> or audio logo, and (3) is not vocalization intended to be primarily musical expression       such as singing or rapping, at least one of the following is true:    </p>   <dl> <dt>No Background</dt> <dd> <p>The audio does not contain background sounds.</p> </dd> <dt>Turn Off</dt> <dd> <p>The background sounds can be turned off.</p> </dd> <dt>20 dB</dt> <dd> <p>The background sounds are at least 20 decibels lower than the foreground speech content,             with the exception of occasional sounds that last for only one or two seconds.          </p> <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-4\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"5\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-4\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note</span></div><p class=\"\">Per the definition of \"decibel,\" background sound that meets this requirement will             be approximately four times quieter than the foreground speech content.          </p></div> </dd> </dl>  "
                        },
                        {
                            "id": "visual-presentation",
                            "num": "1.4.8",
                            "handle": "Visual Presentation",
                            "level": "(Level AAA)",
                            "content": "  <p>For the visual presentation of <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-blocks-of-text\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-blocks-of-text-1\" title=\"more than one sentence of text\">blocks of text</a>, a <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-mechanism\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-mechanism-2\" title=\"process or technique for achieving a result\">mechanism</a> is available to achieve the following:    </p>   <ul> <li>Foreground and background colors can be selected by the user.</li> <li>Width is no more than 80 characters or glyphs (40 if CJK).</li> <li>Text is not justified (aligned to both the left and the right margins).</li> <li>Line spacing (leading) is at least space-and-a-half within paragraphs, and paragraph spacing is at least 1.5 times larger than the line spacing.</li> <li>Text can be resized without assistive technology up to 200 percent in a way that does not require the user to scroll horizontally to read a line of text <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-on-a-full-screen-window\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-on-a-full-screen-window-1\" title=\"on the most common sized desktop/laptop display with the viewport maximized\">on a full-screen window</a>.</li> </ul>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-5\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"5\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-5\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 1</span></div><p class=\"\">Content is not required to use these values. The requirement is that a mechanism is available for users to change these presentation aspects. The mechanism can be provided by the browser or other user agent. Content is not required to provide the mechanism.</p></div>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-6\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"5\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-6\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 2</span></div><p class=\"\">Writing systems for some languages use different presentation aspects to improve readability and legibility. If a presentation aspect in this success criterion is not used in a writing system, content in that writing system does not need to use that presentation setting and can conform without it. Authors are encouraged to follow guidance for improving readability and legibility of text in their writing system.</p></div>  "
                        },
                        {
                            "id": "images-of-text-no-exception",
                            "num": "1.4.9",
                            "handle": "Images of Text (No Exception)",
                            "level": "(Level AAA)",
                            "content": "  <p><a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-images-of-text\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-images-of-text-5\" title=\"text that has been rendered in a non-text form (e.g., an image) in order to achieve a particular visual effect\">Images of text</a> are only used for <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-pure-decoration\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-pure-decoration-4\" title=\"serving only an aesthetic purpose, providing no information, and having no functionality\">pure decoration</a> or where a particular presentation of <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-text\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-text-6\" title=\"sequence of characters that can be programmatically determined, where the sequence is expressing something in human language\">text</a> is <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-essential\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-essential-3\" title=\"if removed, would fundamentally change the information or functionality of the content, and information and functionality cannot be achieved in another way that would conform\">essential</a> to the information being conveyed.    </p>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-7\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"5\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-7\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note</span></div><p class=\"\">Logotypes (text that is part of a logo or brand name) are considered essential.</p></div>  "
                        },
                        {
                            "id": "reflow",
                            "num": "1.4.10",
                            "handle": "Reflow",
                            "level": "(Level AA)",
                            "content": "  <p>Content can be presented without loss of information or functionality, and without requiring scrolling in two dimensions for:</p>   <ul> <li>Vertical scrolling content at a width equivalent to 320 <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-css-pixels\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-css-pixels-1\" title=\"visual angle of about 0.0213 degrees\">CSS pixels</a>;</li> <li>Horizontal scrolling content at a height equivalent to 256 <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-css-pixels\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-css-pixels-2\" title=\"visual angle of about 0.0213 degrees\">CSS pixels</a>.</li> </ul>   <p>Except for parts of the content which require two-dimensional layout for usage or meaning.</p>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-8\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"5\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-8\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 1</span></div><p class=\"\">320 CSS pixels is equivalent to a starting viewport width of 1280 CSS pixels wide at 400% zoom. For web content which is designed to scroll horizontally (e.g., with vertical text), 256 CSS pixels is equivalent to a starting viewport height of 1024 CSS pixels at 400% zoom.</p></div>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-9\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"5\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-9\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 2</span></div><p class=\"\">Examples of content which requires two-dimensional layout are images required for understanding (such as maps and diagrams), video, games, presentations, data tables (not individual cells), and interfaces where it is necessary to keep toolbars in view while manipulating content. It is acceptable to provide two-dimensional scrolling for such parts of the content.</p></div>  "
                        },
                        {
                            "id": "non-text-contrast",
                            "num": "1.4.11",
                            "handle": "Non-text Contrast",
                            "level": "(Level AA)",
                            "content": "  <p>The visual <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-presentation\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-presentation-2\" title=\"rendering of the content in a form to be perceived by users\">presentation</a> of the following have a <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-contrast-ratio\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-contrast-ratio-3\" title=\"(L1 + 0.05) / (L2 + 0.05), where\">contrast ratio</a> of at least 3:1 against adjacent color(s):</p>   <dl> <dt>User Interface Components</dt> <dd>Visual information required to identify <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-user-interface-components\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-user-interface-components-4\" title=\"a part of the content that is perceived by users as a single control for a distinct function\">user interface components</a> and <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-states\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-states-1\" title=\"dynamic property expressing characteristics of a user interface component that may change in response to user action or automated processes\">states</a>, except for inactive components or where the appearance of the component is determined by the user agent and not modified by the author;</dd> <dt>Graphical Objects</dt> <dd>Parts of graphics required to understand the content, except when a particular presentation of graphics is <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-essential\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-essential-4\" title=\"if removed, would fundamentally change the information or functionality of the content, and information and functionality cannot be achieved in another way that would conform\">essential</a> to the information being conveyed.</dd> </dl>  "
                        },
                        {
                            "id": "text-spacing",
                            "num": "1.4.12",
                            "handle": "Text Spacing",
                            "level": "(Level AA)",
                            "content": "  <p>In content implemented using markup languages that support the following <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-text\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-text-7\" title=\"sequence of characters that can be programmatically determined, where the sequence is expressing something in human language\">text</a> <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-style-properties\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-style-properties-1\" title=\"property whose value determines the presentation (e.g. font, color, size, location, padding, volume, synthesized speech prosody) of content elements as they are rendered (e.g. onscreen, via loudspeaker, via braille display) by user agents\">style properties</a>, no loss of content or functionality occurs by setting all of the following and by changing no other style property:</p>   <ul> <li>Line height (line spacing) to at least 1.5 times the font size;</li> <li>Spacing following paragraphs to at least 2 times the font size;</li> <li>Letter spacing (tracking) to at least 0.12 times the font size;</li> <li>Word spacing to at least 0.16 times the font size.</li> </ul>   <p>Exception: Human languages and scripts that do not make use of one or more of these text style properties in written text can conform using only the properties that exist for that combination of language and script.</p>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-10\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"5\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-10\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 1</span></div><p class=\"\">Content is not required to use these text spacing values. The requirement is to ensure that when a user overrides the authored text spacing, content or functionality is not lost.</p></div>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-11\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"5\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-11\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 2</span></div><p class=\"\">Writing systems for some languages use different text spacing settings, such as paragraph start indent. Authors are encouraged to follow locally available guidance for improving readability and legibility of text in their writing system.</p></div>  "
                        },
                        {
                            "id": "content-on-hover-or-focus",
                            "num": "1.4.13",
                            "handle": "Content on Hover or Focus",
                            "level": "(Level AA)",
                            "content": "  <p>Where receiving and then removing pointer hover or keyboard focus triggers additional content to become visible and then hidden, the following are true:</p>   <dl> <dt>Dismissible</dt> <dd>A <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-mechanism\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-mechanism-3\" title=\"process or technique for achieving a result\">mechanism</a> is available to dismiss the additional content without moving pointer hover or keyboard focus, unless the additional content communicates an <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-input-error\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-input-error-1\" title=\"information provided by the user that is not accepted\">input error</a> or does not obscure or replace other content;</dd> <dt>Hoverable</dt> <dd>If pointer hover can trigger the additional content, then the pointer can be moved  over the additional content without the additional content disappearing;</dd> <dt>Persistent</dt> <dd>The additional content remains visible until the hover or focus trigger is removed, the user dismisses it, or its information is no longer valid.</dd> </dl>   <p>Exception: The visual presentation of the additional content is controlled by the user agent and is not modified by the author.</p>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-12\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"5\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-12\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 1</span></div><p class=\"\">Examples of additional content controlled by the user agent include browser tooltips created through use of the HTML <a href=\"https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/dom.html#the-title-attribute\"><code>title</code> attribute</a> [<cite><a class=\"bibref\" data-link-type=\"biblio\" href=\"#bib-html\" title=\"HTML Standard\">HTML</a></cite>].</p></div>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-13\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"5\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-13\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 2</span></div><p class=\"\">Custom tooltips, sub-menus, and other nonmodal popups that display on hover and focus are examples of additional content covered by this criterion.</p></div>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-14\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"5\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-14\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 3</span></div><p class=\"\">This criterion applies to content that appears in addition to the triggering component itself. Since hidden components that are made visible on keyboard focus (such as links used to skip to another part of a page) do not present additional content they are not covered by this criterion.</p></div>  "
                        }
                    ]
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "operable",
            "num": "2. ",
            "handle": "Operable ",
            "title": "User interface components and navigation must be operable.",
            "content": "<p>User interface components and navigation must be operable.</p>",
            "guidelines": [
                {
                    "id": "keyboard-accessible",
                    "num": "2.1",
                    "handle": "Keyboard Accessible",
                    "title": "Make all functionality available from a keyboard.",
                    "content": "<p>Make all functionality available from a keyboard.</p>",
                    "successcriteria": [
                        {
                            "id": "keyboard",
                            "num": "2.1.1",
                            "handle": "Keyboard",
                            "level": "(Level A)",
                            "content": "  <p>All <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-functionality\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-functionality-1\" title=\"processes and outcomes achievable through user action\">functionality</a> of the content is operable through a <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-keyboard-interface\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-keyboard-interface-1\" title=\"interface used by software to obtain keystroke input\">keyboard interface</a> without requiring specific timings for individual keystrokes, except where the underlying       function requires input that depends on the path of the user's movement and not just       the endpoints.    </p>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-15\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"5\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-15\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 1</span></div><p class=\"\">This exception relates to the underlying function, not the input technique. For example,       if using handwriting to enter text, the input technique (handwriting) requires path-dependent       input but the underlying function (text input) does not.    </p></div>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-16\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"5\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-16\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 2</span></div><p class=\"\">This does not forbid and should not discourage providing mouse input or other input       methods in addition to keyboard operation.    </p></div>  "
                        },
                        {
                            "id": "no-keyboard-trap",
                            "num": "2.1.2",
                            "handle": "No Keyboard Trap",
                            "level": "(Level A)",
                            "content": "  <p>If keyboard focus can be moved to a component of the page using a <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-keyboard-interface\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-keyboard-interface-2\" title=\"interface used by software to obtain keystroke input\">keyboard interface</a>, then focus can be moved away from that component using only a keyboard interface,       and, if it requires more than unmodified arrow or tab keys or other standard exit       methods, the user is advised of the method for moving focus away.    </p>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-17\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"5\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-17\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note</span></div><p class=\"\">Since any content that does not meet this success criterion can interfere with a user's       ability to use the whole page, all content on the Web page (whether it is used to       meet other success criteria or not) must meet this success criterion. See <a href=\"#cc5\">Conformance Requirement 5: Non-Interference</a>.    </p></div>  "
                        },
                        {
                            "id": "keyboard-no-exception",
                            "num": "2.1.3",
                            "handle": "Keyboard (No Exception)",
                            "level": "(Level AAA)",
                            "content": "  <p>All <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-functionality\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-functionality-2\" title=\"processes and outcomes achievable through user action\">functionality</a> of the content is operable through a <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-keyboard-interface\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-keyboard-interface-3\" title=\"interface used by software to obtain keystroke input\">keyboard interface</a> without requiring specific timings for individual keystrokes.    </p>  "
                        },
                        {
                            "id": "character-key-shortcuts",
                            "num": "2.1.4",
                            "handle": "Character Key Shortcuts",
                            "level": "(Level A)",
                            "content": "  <p>If a <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-keyboard-shortcuts\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-keyboard-shortcuts-1\" title=\"alternative means of triggering an action by the pressing of one or more keys\">keyboard shortcut</a> is implemented in content using only letter (including upper- and lower-case letters), punctuation, number, or symbol characters, then at least one of the following is true:</p>   <dl> <dt>Turn off</dt> <dd>A <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-mechanism\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-mechanism-4\" title=\"process or technique for achieving a result\">mechanism</a> is available to turn the shortcut off;</dd> <dt>Remap</dt> <dd>A mechanism is available to remap the shortcut to include one or more non-printable keyboard keys (e.g., Ctrl, Alt);</dd> <dt>Active only on focus</dt> <dd>The keyboard shortcut for a <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-user-interface-components\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-user-interface-components-5\" title=\"a part of the content that is perceived by users as a single control for a distinct function\">user interface component</a> is only active when that component has focus.</dd> </dl>  "
                        }
                    ]
                },
                {
                    "id": "enough-time",
                    "num": "2.2",
                    "handle": "Enough Time",
                    "title": "Provide users enough time to read and use content.",
                    "content": "<p>Provide users enough time to read and use content.</p>",
                    "successcriteria": [
                        {
                            "id": "timing-adjustable",
                            "num": "2.2.1",
                            "handle": "Timing Adjustable",
                            "level": "(Level A)",
                            "content": "  <p>For each time limit that is set by the content, at least one of the following is true:</p>   <dl> <dt>Turn off</dt> <dd> <p>The user is allowed to turn off the time limit before encountering it; or</p> </dd> <dt>Adjust</dt> <dd> <p>The user is allowed to adjust the time limit before encountering it over a wide range             that is at least ten times the length of the default setting; or          </p> </dd> <dt>Extend</dt> <dd> <p>The user is warned before time expires and given at least 20 seconds to extend the             time limit with a simple action (for example, \"press the space bar\"), and the user             is allowed to extend the time limit at least ten times; or          </p> </dd> <dt>Real-time Exception</dt> <dd> <p>The time limit is a required part of a real-time event (for example, an auction),             and no alternative to the time limit is possible; or          </p> </dd> <dt>Essential Exception</dt> <dd> <p>The time limit is <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-essential\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-essential-5\" title=\"if removed, would fundamentally change the information or functionality of the content, and information and functionality cannot be achieved in another way that would conform\">essential</a> and extending it would invalidate the activity; or          </p> </dd> <dt>20 Hour Exception</dt> <dd> <p>The time limit is longer than 20 hours.</p> </dd> </dl>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-18\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"5\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-18\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note</span></div><p class=\"\">This success criterion helps ensure that users can complete tasks without unexpected       changes in content or context that are a result of a time limit. This success criterion       should be considered in conjunction with <a href=\"#on-focus\">Success Criterion 3.2.1</a>, which puts limits on changes of content or context as a result of user action.    </p></div>  "
                        },
                        {
                            "id": "pause-stop-hide",
                            "num": "2.2.2",
                            "handle": "Pause, Stop, Hide",
                            "level": "(Level A)",
                            "content": "  <p>For moving, <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-blinking\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-blinking-1\" title=\"switch back and forth between two visual states in a way that is meant to draw attention\">blinking</a>, scrolling, or auto-updating information, all of the following are true:    </p>   <dl> <dt>Moving, blinking, scrolling</dt> <dd> <p>For any moving, blinking or scrolling information that (1) starts automatically, (2)             lasts more than five seconds, and (3) is presented in parallel with other content,             there is a mechanism for the user to <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-pause\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-pause-1\" title=\"stopped by user request and not resumed until requested by user\">pause</a>, stop, or hide it unless the movement, blinking, or scrolling is part of an activity             where it is <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-essential\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-essential-6\" title=\"if removed, would fundamentally change the information or functionality of the content, and information and functionality cannot be achieved in another way that would conform\">essential</a>; and          </p> </dd> <dt>Auto-updating</dt> <dd> <p>For any auto-updating information that (1) starts automatically and (2) is presented             in parallel with other content, there is a mechanism for the user to pause, stop,             or hide it or to control the frequency of the update unless the auto-updating is part             of an activity where it is essential.          </p> </dd> </dl>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-19\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"5\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-19\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 1</span></div><p class=\"\">For requirements related to flickering or flashing content, refer to <a href=\"#seizures-and-physical-reactions\">Guideline 2.3</a>.    </p></div>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-20\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"5\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-20\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 2</span></div><p class=\"\">Since any content that does not meet this success criterion can interfere with a user's       ability to use the whole page, all content on the Web page (whether it is used to       meet other success criteria or not) must meet this success criterion. See <a href=\"#cc5\">Conformance Requirement 5: Non-Interference</a>.    </p></div>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-21\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"5\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-21\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 3</span></div><p class=\"\">Content that is updated periodically by software or that is streamed to the user agent       is not required to preserve or present information that is generated or received between       the initiation of the pause and resuming presentation, as this may not be technically       possible, and in many situations could be misleading to do so.    </p></div>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-22\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"5\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-22\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 4</span></div><p class=\"\">An animation that occurs as part of a preload phase or similar situation can be considered       essential if interaction cannot occur during that phase for all users and if not indicating       progress could confuse users or cause them to think that content was frozen or broken.    </p></div>  "
                        },
                        {
                            "id": "no-timing",
                            "num": "2.2.3",
                            "handle": "No Timing",
                            "level": "(Level AAA)",
                            "content": "  <p>Timing is not an <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-essential\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-essential-7\" title=\"if removed, would fundamentally change the information or functionality of the content, and information and functionality cannot be achieved in another way that would conform\">essential</a> part of the event or activity presented by the content, except for non-interactive       <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-synchronized-media\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-synchronized-media-8\" title=\"audio or video synchronized with another format for presenting information and/or with time-based interactive components, unless the media is a media alternative for text that is clearly labeled as such\">synchronized media</a> and <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-real-time-events\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-real-time-events-1\" title=\"event that a) occurs at the same time as the viewing and b) is not completely generated by the content\">real-time events</a>.    </p>  "
                        },
                        {
                            "id": "interruptions",
                            "num": "2.2.4",
                            "handle": "Interruptions",
                            "level": "(Level AAA)",
                            "content": "  <p>Interruptions can be postponed or suppressed by the user, except interruptions involving       an <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-emergency\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-emergency-1\" title=\"a sudden, unexpected situation or occurrence that requires immediate action to preserve health, safety, or property\">emergency</a>.    </p>  "
                        },
                        {
                            "id": "re-authenticating",
                            "num": "2.2.5",
                            "handle": "Re-authenticating",
                            "level": "(Level AAA)",
                            "content": "  <p>When an authenticated session expires, the user can continue the activity without       loss of data after re-authenticating.    </p>  "
                        },
                        {
                            "id": "timeouts",
                            "num": "2.2.6",
                            "handle": "Timeouts",
                            "level": "(Level AAA)",
                            "content": "  <p>Users are warned of the duration of any <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-user-inactivity\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-user-inactivity-1\" title=\"any continuous period of time where no user actions occur\">user inactivity</a> that could cause data loss, unless the data is preserved for more than 20 hours when the user does not take any actions.</p>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-23\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"5\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-23\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note</span></div><p class=\"\">Privacy regulations may require explicit user consent before user identification has been authenticated and before user data is preserved. In cases where the user is a minor, explicit consent may not be solicited in most jurisdictions, countries or regions. Consultation with privacy professionals and legal counsel is advised when considering data preservation as an approach to satisfy this success criterion.</p></div>  "
                        }
                    ]
                },
                {
                    "id": "seizures-and-physical-reactions",
                    "num": "2.3",
                    "handle": "Seizures and Physical Reactions",
                    "title": "Do not design content in a way that is known to cause seizures or physical reactions.",
                    "content": "<p>Do not design content in a way that is known to cause seizures or physical reactions.</p>",
                    "successcriteria": [
                        {
                            "id": "three-flashes-or-below-threshold",
                            "num": "2.3.1",
                            "handle": "Three Flashes or Below Threshold",
                            "level": "(Level A)",
                            "content": "  <p><a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-web-page-s\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-web-page-s-1\" title=\"a non-embedded resource obtained from a single URI using HTTP plus any other resources that are used in the rendering or intended to be rendered together with it by a user agent\">Web pages</a> do not contain anything that flashes more than three times in any one second period,       or the <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-flashes\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-flashes-1\" title=\"a pair of opposing changes in relative luminance that can cause seizures in some people if it is large enough and in the right frequency range\">flash</a> is below the <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-general-flash-and-red-flash-thresholds\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-general-flash-and-red-flash-thresholds-1\" title=\"a flash or rapidly changing image sequence is below the threshold (i.e., content passes) if any of the following are true:\">general flash and red flash thresholds</a>.    </p>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-24\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"5\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-24\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note</span></div><p class=\"\">Since any content that does not meet this success criterion can interfere with a user's       ability to use the whole page, all content on the Web page (whether it is used to       meet other success criteria or not) must meet this success criterion. See <a href=\"#cc5\">Conformance Requirement 5: Non-Interference</a>.    </p></div>  "
                        },
                        {
                            "id": "three-flashes",
                            "num": "2.3.2",
                            "handle": "Three Flashes",
                            "level": "(Level AAA)",
                            "content": "  <p><a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-web-page-s\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-web-page-s-2\" title=\"a non-embedded resource obtained from a single URI using HTTP plus any other resources that are used in the rendering or intended to be rendered together with it by a user agent\">Web pages</a> do not contain anything that <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-flashes\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-flashes-2\" title=\"a pair of opposing changes in relative luminance that can cause seizures in some people if it is large enough and in the right frequency range\">flashes</a> more than three times in any one second period.    </p>  "
                        },
                        {
                            "id": "animation-from-interactions",
                            "num": "2.3.3",
                            "handle": "Animation from Interactions",
                            "level": "(Level AAA)",
                            "content": "  <p><a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-motion-animation\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-motion-animation-1\" title=\"addition of steps between conditions to create the illusion of movement or to give a sense of a smooth transition\">Motion animation</a> triggered by interaction can be disabled, unless the animation is <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-essential\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-essential-8\" title=\"if removed, would fundamentally change the information or functionality of the content, and information and functionality cannot be achieved in another way that would conform\">essential</a> to the functionality or the information being conveyed.</p>  "
                        }
                    ]
                },
                {
                    "id": "navigable",
                    "num": "2.4",
                    "handle": "Navigable",
                    "title": "Provide ways to help users navigate, find content, and determine where they are.",
                    "content": "<p>Provide ways to help users navigate, find content, and determine where they are.</p>",
                    "successcriteria": [
                        {
                            "id": "bypass-blocks",
                            "num": "2.4.1",
                            "handle": "Bypass Blocks",
                            "level": "(Level A)",
                            "content": "  <p>A <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-mechanism\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-mechanism-5\" title=\"process or technique for achieving a result\">mechanism</a> is available to bypass blocks of content that are repeated on multiple <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-web-page-s\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-web-page-s-3\" title=\"a non-embedded resource obtained from a single URI using HTTP plus any other resources that are used in the rendering or intended to be rendered together with it by a user agent\">Web pages</a>.    </p>  "
                        },
                        {
                            "id": "page-titled",
                            "num": "2.4.2",
                            "handle": "Page Titled",
                            "level": "(Level A)",
                            "content": "  <p><a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-web-page-s\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-web-page-s-4\" title=\"a non-embedded resource obtained from a single URI using HTTP plus any other resources that are used in the rendering or intended to be rendered together with it by a user agent\">Web pages</a> have titles that describe topic or purpose.    </p>  "
                        },
                        {
                            "id": "focus-order",
                            "num": "2.4.3",
                            "handle": "Focus Order",
                            "level": "(Level A)",
                            "content": "  <p>If a <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-web-page-s\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-web-page-s-5\" title=\"a non-embedded resource obtained from a single URI using HTTP plus any other resources that are used in the rendering or intended to be rendered together with it by a user agent\">Web page</a> can be <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-navigated-sequentially\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-navigated-sequentially-1\" title=\"navigated in the order defined for advancing focus (from one element to the next) using a keyboard interface\">navigated sequentially</a> and the navigation sequences affect meaning or operation, focusable components receive       focus in an order that preserves meaning and operability.    </p>  "
                        },
                        {
                            "id": "link-purpose-in-context",
                            "num": "2.4.4",
                            "handle": "Link Purpose (In Context)",
                            "level": "(Level A)",
                            "content": "  <p>The <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-purpose-of-each-link\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-purpose-of-each-link-1\" title=\"nature of the result obtained by activating a hyperlink\">purpose of each link</a> can be determined from the link text alone or from the link text together with its       <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-programmatically-determined-link-context\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-programmatically-determined-link-context-1\" title=\"additional information that can be programmatically determined from relationships with a link, combined with the link text, and presented to users in different modalities\">programmatically determined link context</a>, except where the purpose of the link would be <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-ambiguous-to-users-in-general\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-ambiguous-to-users-in-general-1\" title=\"the purpose cannot be determined from the link and all information of the Web page presented to the user simultaneously with the link (i.e., readers without disabilities would not know what a link would do until they activated it)\">ambiguous to users in general</a>.    </p>  "
                        },
                        {
                            "id": "multiple-ways",
                            "num": "2.4.5",
                            "handle": "Multiple Ways",
                            "level": "(Level AA)",
                            "content": "  <p>More than one way is available to locate a <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-web-page-s\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-web-page-s-6\" title=\"a non-embedded resource obtained from a single URI using HTTP plus any other resources that are used in the rendering or intended to be rendered together with it by a user agent\">Web page</a> within a <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-set-of-web-pages\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-set-of-web-pages-1\" title=\"collection of web pages that share a common purpose and that are created by the same author, group or organization\">set of Web pages</a> except where the Web Page is the result of, or a step in, a <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-processes\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-processes-1\" title=\"series of user actions where each action is required in order to complete an activity\">process</a>.    </p>  "
                        },
                        {
                            "id": "headings-and-labels",
                            "num": "2.4.6",
                            "handle": "Headings and Labels",
                            "level": "(Level AA)",
                            "content": "  <p>Headings and <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-labels\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-labels-1\" title=\"text or other component with a text alternative that is presented to a user to identify a component within Web content\">labels</a> describe topic or purpose.    </p>  "
                        },
                        {
                            "id": "focus-visible",
                            "num": "2.4.7",
                            "handle": "Focus Visible",
                            "level": "(Level AA)",
                            "content": "  <p>Any keyboard operable user interface has a mode of operation where the keyboard focus       indicator is visible.    </p>  "
                        },
                        {
                            "id": "location",
                            "num": "2.4.8",
                            "handle": "Location",
                            "level": "(Level AAA)",
                            "content": "  <p>Information about the user's location within a <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-set-of-web-pages\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-set-of-web-pages-2\" title=\"collection of web pages that share a common purpose and that are created by the same author, group or organization\">set of Web pages</a> is available.    </p>  "
                        },
                        {
                            "id": "link-purpose-link-only",
                            "num": "2.4.9",
                            "handle": "Link Purpose (Link Only)",
                            "level": "(Level AAA)",
                            "content": "  <p>A <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-mechanism\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-mechanism-6\" title=\"process or technique for achieving a result\">mechanism</a> is available to allow the purpose of each link to be identified from link text alone,       except where the purpose of the link would be <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-ambiguous-to-users-in-general\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-ambiguous-to-users-in-general-2\" title=\"the purpose cannot be determined from the link and all information of the Web page presented to the user simultaneously with the link (i.e., readers without disabilities would not know what a link would do until they activated it)\">ambiguous to users in general</a>.    </p>  "
                        },
                        {
                            "id": "section-headings",
                            "num": "2.4.10",
                            "handle": "Section Headings",
                            "level": "(Level AAA)",
                            "content": "  <p><a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-section\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-section-1\" title=\"a self-contained portion of written content that deals with one or more related topics or thoughts\">Section</a> headings are used to organize the content.    </p>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-25\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"5\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-25\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 1</span></div><p class=\"\">\"Heading\" is used in its general sense and includes titles and other ways to add a       heading to different types of content.    </p></div>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-26\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"5\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-26\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 2</span></div><p class=\"\">This success criterion covers sections within writing, not <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-user-interface-components\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-user-interface-components-6\" title=\"a part of the content that is perceived by users as a single control for a distinct function\">user interface components</a>. User interface components are covered under <a href=\"#name-role-value\">Success Criterion 4.1.2</a>.    </p></div>  "
                        },
                        {
                            "id": "focus-not-obscured-minimum",
                            "num": "2.4.11",
                            "handle": "Focus Not Obscured (Minimum)",
                            "level": "(Level AA)",
                            "content": "  <p class=\"change\">[New]</p>   <p>When a <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-user-interface-components\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-user-interface-components-7\" title=\"a part of the content that is perceived by users as a single control for a distinct function\">user interface component</a> receives keyboard focus, the component is not entirely hidden due to author-created content.</p>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-27\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"5\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-27\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 1</span></div><p class=\"\">Where content in a configurable interface can be repositioned by the user, then only the initial positions of user-movable content are considered for testing and conformance of this Success Criterion.</p></div>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-28\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"5\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-28\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 2</span></div><p class=\"\">Content opened by the <em>user</em> may obscure the component receiving focus. If the user can reveal the focused component without advancing the keyboard focus, the component with focus is not considered hidden due to author-created content.</p></div>  "
                        },
                        {
                            "id": "focus-not-obscured-enhanced",
                            "num": "2.4.12",
                            "handle": "Focus Not Obscured (Enhanced)",
                            "level": "(Level AAA)",
                            "content": "  <p class=\"change\">[New]</p>   <p>When a <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-user-interface-components\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-user-interface-components-8\" title=\"a part of the content that is perceived by users as a single control for a distinct function\">user interface component</a> receives keyboard focus, no part of the component is hidden by author-created content.</p>  "
                        },
                        {
                            "id": "focus-appearance",
                            "num": "2.4.13",
                            "handle": "Focus Appearance",
                            "level": "(Level AAA)",
                            "content": "  <p class=\"change\">[New]</p>   <p>When the keyboard <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-focus-indicator\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-focus-indicator-1\" title=\"[New]\">focus indicator</a> is visible, an area of the focus indicator meets all the following:</p>   <ul> <li>is at least as large as the area of a 2 <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-css-pixels\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-css-pixels-3\" title=\"visual angle of about 0.0213 degrees\">CSS pixel</a> thick <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-perimeter\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-perimeter-1\" title=\"[New]\">perimeter</a> of the unfocused component or sub-component, and</li> <li>has a contrast ratio of at least 3:1 between the same pixels in the focused and unfocused states.</li> </ul>   <p>Exceptions:</p>   <ul> <li>The focus indicator is determined by the <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-user-agents\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-user-agents-1\" title=\"any software that retrieves and presents Web content for users\">user agent</a> and cannot be adjusted by the author, or</li> <li>The focus indicator and the indicator's background color are not modified by the author.</li> </ul>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-29\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"5\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-29\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 1</span></div><p class=\"\">What is perceived as the user interface component or sub-component (to determine enclosure or size) depends on its visual <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-presentation\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-presentation-3\" title=\"rendering of the content in a form to be perceived by users\">presentation</a>. The visual presentation includes the component's visible <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-content\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-content-1\" title=\"information and sensory experience to be communicated to the user by means of a user agent, including code or markup that defines the content's structure, presentation, and interactions\">content</a>, border, and component-specific background. It does not include shadow and glow effects outside the component's content, background, or border.</p></div>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-30\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"5\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-30\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 2</span></div><p class=\"\">Examples of sub-components that may receive a focus indicator are menu items in an opened drop-down menu, or focusable cells in a grid.</p></div>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-31\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"5\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-31\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 3</span></div><p class=\"\">Contrast calculations can be based on colors defined within the <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-technologies\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-technologies-1\" title=\"mechanism for encoding instructions to be rendered, played or executed by user agents\">technology</a> (such as HTML, CSS and SVG). Pixels modified by user agent resolution enhancements and anti-aliasing can be ignored.</p></div>  "
                        }
                    ]
                },
                {
                    "id": "input-modalities",
                    "num": "2.5",
                    "handle": "Input Modalities",
                    "title": "Make it easier for users to operate functionality through various inputs beyond keyboard.",
                    "content": "<p>Make it easier for users to operate functionality through various inputs beyond keyboard.</p>",
                    "successcriteria": [
                        {
                            "id": "pointer-gestures",
                            "num": "2.5.1",
                            "handle": "Pointer Gestures",
                            "level": "(Level A)",
                            "content": "  <p>All <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-functionality\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-functionality-3\" title=\"processes and outcomes achievable through user action\">functionality</a> that uses multipoint or path-based gestures for operation can be operated with a <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-single-pointer\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-single-pointer-1\" title=\"pointer input that operates with one point of contact with the screen, including single taps and clicks, double-taps and clicks, long presses, and path-based gestures\">single pointer</a> without a path-based gesture, unless a multipoint or path-based gesture is <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-essential\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-essential-9\" title=\"if removed, would fundamentally change the information or functionality of the content, and information and functionality cannot be achieved in another way that would conform\">essential</a>.</p>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-32\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"5\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-32\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note</span></div><p class=\"\">This requirement applies to web content that interprets pointer actions (i.e. this does not apply to actions that are required to operate the user agent or assistive technology).</p></div>  "
                        },
                        {
                            "id": "pointer-cancellation",
                            "num": "2.5.2",
                            "handle": "Pointer Cancellation",
                            "level": "(Level A)",
                            "content": "  <p>For <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-functionality\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-functionality-4\" title=\"processes and outcomes achievable through user action\">functionality</a> that can be operated using a <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-single-pointer\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-single-pointer-2\" title=\"pointer input that operates with one point of contact with the screen, including single taps and clicks, double-taps and clicks, long presses, and path-based gestures\">single pointer</a>, at least one of the following is true:</p>   <dl> <dt>No Down-Event</dt> <dd>The <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-down-event\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-down-event-1\" title=\"platform event that occurs when the trigger stimulus of a pointer is depressed\">down-event</a> of the pointer is not used to execute any part of the function;</dd> <dt>Abort or Undo</dt> <dd>Completion of the function is on the <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-up-event\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-up-event-1\" title=\"platform event that occurs when the trigger stimulus of a pointer is released\">up-event</a>, and a <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-mechanism\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-mechanism-7\" title=\"process or technique for achieving a result\">mechanism</a> is available to abort the function before completion or to undo the function after completion;</dd> <dt>Up Reversal</dt> <dd>The up-event reverses any outcome of the preceding down-event;</dd> <dt>Essential</dt> <dd>Completing the function on the down-event is <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-essential\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-essential-10\" title=\"if removed, would fundamentally change the information or functionality of the content, and information and functionality cannot be achieved in another way that would conform\">essential</a>.</dd> </dl>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-33\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"5\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-33\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 1</span></div><p class=\"\">Functions that emulate a keyboard or numeric keypad key press are considered essential.</p></div>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-34\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"5\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-34\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 2</span></div><p class=\"\">This requirement applies to web content that interprets pointer actions (i.e. this does not apply to actions that are required to operate the user agent or assistive technology).</p></div>  "
                        },
                        {
                            "id": "label-in-name",
                            "num": "2.5.3",
                            "handle": "Label in Name",
                            "level": "(Level A)",
                            "content": "  <p>For <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-user-interface-components\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-user-interface-components-9\" title=\"a part of the content that is perceived by users as a single control for a distinct function\">user interface components</a> with <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-labels\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-labels-2\" title=\"text or other component with a text alternative that is presented to a user to identify a component within Web content\">labels</a> that include <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-text\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-text-8\" title=\"sequence of characters that can be programmatically determined, where the sequence is expressing something in human language\">text</a> or <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-images-of-text\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-images-of-text-6\" title=\"text that has been rendered in a non-text form (e.g., an image) in order to achieve a particular visual effect\">images of text</a>, the <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-name\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-name-2\" title=\"text by which software can identify a component within Web content to the user\">name</a> contains the text that is presented visually.</p>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-35\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"5\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-35\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note</span></div><p class=\"\">A best practice is to have  the text of the label at the start of the name.</p></div>  "
                        },
                        {
                            "id": "motion-actuation",
                            "num": "2.5.4",
                            "handle": "Motion Actuation",
                            "level": "(Level A)",
                            "content": "  <p><a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-functionality\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-functionality-5\" title=\"processes and outcomes achievable through user action\">Functionality</a> that can be operated by device motion or user motion can also be operated by <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-user-interface-components\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-user-interface-components-10\" title=\"a part of the content that is perceived by users as a single control for a distinct function\">user interface components</a> and responding to the motion can be disabled to prevent accidental actuation, except when:</p>   <dl> <dt>Supported Interface</dt> <dd>The motion is used to operate functionality through an <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-accessibility-supported\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-accessibility-supported-1\" title=\"supported by users' assistive technologies as well as the accessibility features in browsers and other user agents\">accessibility supported</a> interface;</dd> <dt>Essential</dt> <dd>The motion is <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-essential\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-essential-11\" title=\"if removed, would fundamentally change the information or functionality of the content, and information and functionality cannot be achieved in another way that would conform\">essential</a> for the function and doing so would invalidate the activity.</dd> </dl>  "
                        },
                        {
                            "id": "target-size-enhanced",
                            "num": "2.5.5",
                            "handle": "Target Size (Enhanced)",
                            "level": "(Level AAA)",
                            "content": "  <p>The size of the <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-targets\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-targets-1\" title=\"region of the display that will accept a pointer action, such as the interactive area of a user interface component\">target</a> for <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-pointer-inputs\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-pointer-inputs-1\" title=\"input from a device that can target a specific coordinate (or set of coordinates) on a screen, such as a mouse, pen, or touch contact\">pointer inputs</a> is at least 44 by 44 <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-css-pixels\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-css-pixels-4\" title=\"visual angle of about 0.0213 degrees\">CSS pixels</a> except when:</p>   <dl> <dt>Equivalent</dt> <dd>The target is available through an equivalent link or control on the same page that is at least 44 by 44 CSS pixels;</dd> <dt>Inline</dt> <dd>The target is in a sentence or block of text;</dd> <dt>User Agent Control</dt> <dd>The size of the target is determined by the user agent and is not modified by the author;</dd> <dt>Essential</dt> <dd>A particular presentation of the target is <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-essential\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-essential-12\" title=\"if removed, would fundamentally change the information or functionality of the content, and information and functionality cannot be achieved in another way that would conform\">essential</a> to the information being conveyed.</dd> </dl>  "
                        },
                        {
                            "id": "concurrent-input-mechanisms",
                            "num": "2.5.6",
                            "handle": "Concurrent Input Mechanisms",
                            "level": "(Level AAA)",
                            "content": "  <p>Web content does not restrict use of input modalities available on a platform except where the restriction is <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-essential\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-essential-13\" title=\"if removed, would fundamentally change the information or functionality of the content, and information and functionality cannot be achieved in another way that would conform\">essential</a>, required to ensure the security of the content, or required to respect user settings.</p>  "
                        },
                        {
                            "id": "dragging-movements",
                            "num": "2.5.7",
                            "handle": "Dragging Movements",
                            "level": "(Level AA)",
                            "content": "  <p class=\"change\">[New]</p>   <p>All <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-functionality\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-functionality-6\" title=\"processes and outcomes achievable through user action\">functionality</a> that uses a <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-dragging-movements\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-dragging-movements-1\" title=\"[New]\">dragging movement</a> for operation can be achieved by a <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-single-pointer\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-single-pointer-3\" title=\"pointer input that operates with one point of contact with the screen, including single taps and clicks, double-taps and clicks, long presses, and path-based gestures\">single pointer</a> without dragging, unless dragging is <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-essential\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-essential-14\" title=\"if removed, would fundamentally change the information or functionality of the content, and information and functionality cannot be achieved in another way that would conform\">essential</a> or the functionality is determined by the <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-user-agents\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-user-agents-2\" title=\"any software that retrieves and presents Web content for users\">user agent</a> and not modified by the author.</p>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-36\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"5\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-36\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note</span></div><p class=\"\">This requirement applies to web content that interprets pointer actions (i.e. this does not apply to actions that are required to operate the user agent or assistive technology).</p></div>  "
                        },
                        {
                            "id": "target-size-minimum",
                            "num": "2.5.8",
                            "handle": "Target Size (Minimum)",
                            "level": "(Level AA)",
                            "content": "  <p class=\"change\">[New]</p>   <p>The size of the <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-targets\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-targets-2\" title=\"region of the display that will accept a pointer action, such as the interactive area of a user interface component\">target</a> for <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-pointer-inputs\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-pointer-inputs-2\" title=\"input from a device that can target a specific coordinate (or set of coordinates) on a screen, such as a mouse, pen, or touch contact\">pointer inputs</a> is at least 24 by 24 <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-css-pixels\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-css-pixels-5\" title=\"visual angle of about 0.0213 degrees\">CSS pixels</a>, except where:</p>   <ul> <li><strong>Spacing:</strong> Undersized targets (those less than 24 by 24 CSS pixels) are positioned so that if a 24 CSS pixel diameter circle is centered on the <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-bounding-boxes\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-bounding-boxes-1\" title=\"[New]\">bounding box</a> of each, the circles do not intersect another target or the circle for another undersized target;</li> <li><strong>Equivalent:</strong> The function can be achieved through a different control on the same page that meets this criterion;</li> <li><strong>Inline:</strong> The target is in a sentence or its size is otherwise constrained by the line-height of non-target text;</li> <li><strong>User agent control:</strong> The size of the target is determined by the <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-user-agents\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-user-agents-3\" title=\"any software that retrieves and presents Web content for users\">user agent</a> and is not modified by the author;</li> <li><strong>Essential:</strong> A particular <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-presentation\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-presentation-4\" title=\"rendering of the content in a form to be perceived by users\">presentation</a> of the target is <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-essential\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-essential-15\" title=\"if removed, would fundamentally change the information or functionality of the content, and information and functionality cannot be achieved in another way that would conform\">essential</a> or is legally required for the information being conveyed.</li> </ul>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-37\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"5\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-37\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 1</span></div><p class=\"\">Targets that allow for values to be selected spatially based on position within the target are considered one target for the purpose of the success criterion. Examples include sliders, color pickers displaying a gradient of colors, or editable areas where you position the cursor.</p></div>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-38\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"5\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-38\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 2</span></div><p class=\"\">For inline targets the line-height should be interpreted as perpendicular to the flow of text. For example, in a language displayed vertically, the line-height would be horizontal.</p></div>  "
                        }
                    ]
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "understandable",
            "num": "3. ",
            "handle": " Understandable ",
            "title": "Information and the operation of the user interface must be understandable.",
            "content": "<p>Information and the operation of the user interface must be understandable.</p>",
            "guidelines": [
                {
                    "id": "readable",
                    "num": "3.1",
                    "handle": "Readable",
                    "title": "Make text content readable and understandable.",
                    "content": "<p>Make text content readable and understandable.</p>",
                    "successcriteria": [
                        {
                            "id": "language-of-page",
                            "num": "3.1.1",
                            "handle": "Language of Page",
                            "level": "(Level A)",
                            "content": "  <p>The default <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-human-language-s\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-human-language-s-1\" title=\"language that is spoken, written or signed (through visual or tactile means) to communicate with humans\">human language</a> of each <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-web-page-s\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-web-page-s-7\" title=\"a non-embedded resource obtained from a single URI using HTTP plus any other resources that are used in the rendering or intended to be rendered together with it by a user agent\">Web page</a> can be <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-programmatically-determinable\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-programmatically-determinable-5\" title=\"determined by software from author-supplied data provided in a way that different user agents, including assistive technologies, can extract and present this information to users in different modalities\">programmatically determined</a>.    </p>  "
                        },
                        {
                            "id": "language-of-parts",
                            "num": "3.1.2",
                            "handle": "Language of Parts",
                            "level": "(Level AA)",
                            "content": "  <p>The <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-human-language-s\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-human-language-s-2\" title=\"language that is spoken, written or signed (through visual or tactile means) to communicate with humans\">human language</a> of each passage or phrase in the content can be <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-programmatically-determinable\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-programmatically-determinable-6\" title=\"determined by software from author-supplied data provided in a way that different user agents, including assistive technologies, can extract and present this information to users in different modalities\">programmatically determined</a> except for proper names, technical terms, words of indeterminate language, and words       or phrases that have become part of the vernacular of the immediately surrounding       text.    </p>  "
                        },
                        {
                            "id": "unusual-words",
                            "num": "3.1.3",
                            "handle": "Unusual Words",
                            "level": "(Level AAA)",
                            "content": "  <p>A <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-mechanism\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-mechanism-8\" title=\"process or technique for achieving a result\">mechanism</a> is available for identifying specific definitions of words or phrases <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-used-in-an-unusual-or-restricted-way\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-used-in-an-unusual-or-restricted-way-1\" title=\"words used in such a way that requires users to know exactly which definition to apply in order to understand the content correctly\">used in an unusual or restricted way</a>, including <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-idioms\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-idioms-1\" title=\"phrase whose meaning cannot be deduced from the meaning of the individual words and the specific words cannot be changed without losing the meaning\">idioms</a> and <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-jargon\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-jargon-1\" title=\"words used in a particular way by people in a particular field\">jargon</a>.    </p>  "
                        },
                        {
                            "id": "abbreviations",
                            "num": "3.1.4",
                            "handle": "Abbreviations",
                            "level": "(Level AAA)",
                            "content": "  <p>A <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-mechanism\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-mechanism-9\" title=\"process or technique for achieving a result\">mechanism</a> for identifying the expanded form or meaning of <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-abbreviations\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-abbreviations-1\" title=\"shortened form of a word, phrase, or name where the abbreviation has not become part of the language\">abbreviations</a> is available.    </p>  "
                        },
                        {
                            "id": "reading-level",
                            "num": "3.1.5",
                            "handle": "Reading Level",
                            "level": "(Level AAA)",
                            "content": "  <p>When text requires reading ability more advanced than the <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-lower-secondary-education-level\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-lower-secondary-education-level-1\" title=\"the two or three year period of education that begins after completion of six years of school and ends nine years after the beginning of primary education\">lower secondary education level</a> after removal of proper names and titles, <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-supplementary-content\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-supplementary-content-1\" title=\"additional content that illustrates or clarifies the primary content\">supplemental content</a>, or a version that does not require reading ability more advanced than the lower       secondary education level, is available.    </p>  "
                        },
                        {
                            "id": "pronunciation",
                            "num": "3.1.6",
                            "handle": "Pronunciation",
                            "level": "(Level AAA)",
                            "content": "  <p>A <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-mechanism\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-mechanism-10\" title=\"process or technique for achieving a result\">mechanism</a> is available for identifying specific pronunciation of words where meaning of the       words, in context, is ambiguous without knowing the pronunciation.    </p>  "
                        }
                    ]
                },
                {
                    "id": "predictable",
                    "num": "3.2",
                    "handle": "Predictable",
                    "title": "Make Web pages appear and operate in predictable ways.",
                    "content": "<p>Make Web pages appear and operate in predictable ways.</p>",
                    "successcriteria": [
                        {
                            "id": "on-focus",
                            "num": "3.2.1",
                            "handle": "On Focus",
                            "level": "(Level A)",
                            "content": "  <p>When any <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-user-interface-components\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-user-interface-components-11\" title=\"a part of the content that is perceived by users as a single control for a distinct function\">user interface component</a> receives focus, it does not initiate a <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-change-of-context\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-change-of-context-1\" title=\"major changes that, if made without user awareness, can disorient users who are not able to view the entire page simultaneously\">change of context</a>.    </p>  "
                        },
                        {
                            "id": "on-input",
                            "num": "3.2.2",
                            "handle": "On Input",
                            "level": "(Level A)",
                            "content": "  <p>Changing the setting of any <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-user-interface-components\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-user-interface-components-12\" title=\"a part of the content that is perceived by users as a single control for a distinct function\">user interface component</a> does not automatically cause a <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-change-of-context\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-change-of-context-2\" title=\"major changes that, if made without user awareness, can disorient users who are not able to view the entire page simultaneously\">change of context</a> unless the user has been advised of the behavior before using the component.    </p>  "
                        },
                        {
                            "id": "consistent-navigation",
                            "num": "3.2.3",
                            "handle": "Consistent Navigation",
                            "level": "(Level AA)",
                            "content": "  <p>Navigational mechanisms that are repeated on multiple <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-web-page-s\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-web-page-s-8\" title=\"a non-embedded resource obtained from a single URI using HTTP plus any other resources that are used in the rendering or intended to be rendered together with it by a user agent\">Web pages</a> within a <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-set-of-web-pages\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-set-of-web-pages-3\" title=\"collection of web pages that share a common purpose and that are created by the same author, group or organization\">set of Web pages</a> occur in the <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-same-relative-order\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-same-relative-order-1\" title=\"same position relative to other items\">same relative order</a> each time they are repeated, unless a change is initiated by the user.    </p>  "
                        },
                        {
                            "id": "consistent-identification",
                            "num": "3.2.4",
                            "handle": "Consistent Identification",
                            "level": "(Level AA)",
                            "content": "  <p>Components that have the <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-same-functionality\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-same-functionality-1\" title=\"same result when used\">same functionality</a> within a <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-set-of-web-pages\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-set-of-web-pages-4\" title=\"collection of web pages that share a common purpose and that are created by the same author, group or organization\">set of Web pages</a> are identified consistently.    </p>  "
                        },
                        {
                            "id": "change-on-request",
                            "num": "3.2.5",
                            "handle": "Change on Request",
                            "level": "(Level AAA)",
                            "content": "  <p><a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-change-of-context\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-change-of-context-3\" title=\"major changes that, if made without user awareness, can disorient users who are not able to view the entire page simultaneously\">Changes of context</a> are initiated only by user request or a <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-mechanism\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-mechanism-11\" title=\"process or technique for achieving a result\">mechanism</a> is available to turn off such changes.    </p>  "
                        },
                        {
                            "id": "consistent-help",
                            "num": "3.2.6",
                            "handle": "Consistent Help",
                            "level": "(Level A)",
                            "content": "  <p class=\"change\">[New]</p>   <p>If a <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-web-page-s\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-web-page-s-9\" title=\"a non-embedded resource obtained from a single URI using HTTP plus any other resources that are used in the rendering or intended to be rendered together with it by a user agent\">Web page</a> contains any of the following help <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-mechanism\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-mechanism-12\" title=\"process or technique for achieving a result\">mechanisms</a>, and those mechanisms are repeated on multiple Web pages within a <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-set-of-web-pages\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-set-of-web-pages-5\" title=\"collection of web pages that share a common purpose and that are created by the same author, group or organization\">set of Web pages</a>, they occur in the same order relative to other page content, unless a change is initiated by the user:</p>   <ul> <li>Human contact details;</li> <li>Human contact mechanism;</li> <li>Self-help option;</li> <li>A fully automated contact mechanism.</li> </ul>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-39\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"5\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-39\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 1</span></div><p class=\"\">Help mechanisms may be provided directly on the page, or may be provided via a direct link to a different page containing the information.</p></div>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-40\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"5\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-40\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 2</span></div><p class=\"\">For this Success Criterion, \"the same order relative to other page content\" can be thought of as how the content is ordered when the page is serialized. The visual position of a help mechanism is likely to be consistent across pages for the same page variation (e.g., CSS break-point). The user can initiate a change, such as changing the page's zoom or orientation, which may trigger a different page variation. This criterion is concerned with relative order across pages displayed in the same page variation (e.g., same zoom level and orientation).</p></div>  "
                        }
                    ]
                },
                {
                    "id": "input-assistance",
                    "num": "3.3",
                    "handle": "Input Assistance",
                    "title": "Help users avoid and correct mistakes.",
                    "content": "<p>Help users avoid and correct mistakes.</p>",
                    "successcriteria": [
                        {
                            "id": "error-identification",
                            "num": "3.3.1",
                            "handle": "Error Identification",
                            "level": "(Level A)",
                            "content": "  <p>If an <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-input-error\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-input-error-2\" title=\"information provided by the user that is not accepted\">input error</a> is automatically detected, the item that is in error is identified and the error       is described to the user in text.    </p>  "
                        },
                        {
                            "id": "labels-or-instructions",
                            "num": "3.3.2",
                            "handle": "Labels or Instructions",
                            "level": "(Level A)",
                            "content": "  <p><a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-labels\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-labels-3\" title=\"text or other component with a text alternative that is presented to a user to identify a component within Web content\">Labels</a> or instructions are provided when content requires user input.    </p>  "
                        },
                        {
                            "id": "error-suggestion",
                            "num": "3.3.3",
                            "handle": "Error Suggestion",
                            "level": "(Level AA)",
                            "content": "  <p>If an <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-input-error\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-input-error-3\" title=\"information provided by the user that is not accepted\">input error</a> is automatically detected and suggestions for correction are known, then the suggestions       are provided to the user, unless it would jeopardize the security or purpose of the       content.    </p>  "
                        },
                        {
                            "id": "error-prevention-legal-financial-data",
                            "num": "3.3.4",
                            "handle": "Error Prevention (Legal, Financial, Data)",
                            "level": "(Level AA)",
                            "content": "  <p>For <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-web-page-s\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-web-page-s-10\" title=\"a non-embedded resource obtained from a single URI using HTTP plus any other resources that are used in the rendering or intended to be rendered together with it by a user agent\">Web pages</a> that cause <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-legal-commitments\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-legal-commitments-1\" title=\"transactions where the person incurs a legally binding obligation or benefit\">legal commitments</a> or financial transactions for the user to occur, that modify or delete <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-user-controllable\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-user-controllable-1\" title=\"data that is intended to be accessed by users\">user-controllable</a> data in data storage systems, or that submit user test responses, at least one of       the following is true:    </p>   <dl> <dt>Reversible</dt><dd>Submissions are reversible.</dd> <dt>Checked</dt><dd>Data entered by the user is checked for input errors and the user is provided an opportunity to correct them.</dd> <dt>Confirmed</dt><dd>A mechanism is available for reviewing, confirming, and correcting information before finalizing the submission.</dd> </dl>  "
                        },
                        {
                            "id": "help",
                            "num": "3.3.5",
                            "handle": "Help",
                            "level": "(Level AAA)",
                            "content": "  <p><a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-context-sensitive-help\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-context-sensitive-help-1\" title=\"help text that provides information related to the function currently being performed\">Context-sensitive help</a> is available.    </p>  "
                        },
                        {
                            "id": "error-prevention-all",
                            "num": "3.3.6",
                            "handle": "Error Prevention (All)",
                            "level": "(Level AAA)",
                            "content": "  <p>For <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-web-page-s\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-web-page-s-11\" title=\"a non-embedded resource obtained from a single URI using HTTP plus any other resources that are used in the rendering or intended to be rendered together with it by a user agent\">Web pages</a> that require the user to submit information, at least one of the following is true:    </p>   <dl> <dt>Reversible</dt><dd>Submissions are reversible.</dd> <dt>Checked</dt><dd>Data entered by the user is checked for input errors and the user is provided an opportunity to correct them.</dd> <dt>Confirmed</dt><dd>A mechanism is available for reviewing, confirming, and correcting information before finalizing the submission.</dd> </dl>  "
                        },
                        {
                            "id": "redundant-entry",
                            "num": "3.3.7",
                            "handle": "Redundant Entry",
                            "level": "(Level A)",
                            "content": "  <p class=\"change\">[New]</p>   <p>Information previously entered by or provided to the user that is required to be entered again in the same <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-processes\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-processes-2\" title=\"series of user actions where each action is required in order to complete an activity\">process</a> is either:</p>   <ul> <li>auto-populated, or</li> <li>available for the user to select.</li> </ul>   <p>Except when:</p>   <ul> <li>re-entering the information is <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-essential\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-essential-16\" title=\"if removed, would fundamentally change the information or functionality of the content, and information and functionality cannot be achieved in another way that would conform\">essential</a>,</li> <li>the information is required to ensure the security of the content, or</li> <li>previously entered information is no longer valid.</li> </ul>  "
                        },
                        {
                            "id": "accessible-authentication-minimum",
                            "num": "3.3.8",
                            "handle": "Accessible Authentication (Minimum)",
                            "level": "(Level AA)",
                            "content": "  <p class=\"change\">[New]</p>   <p>A <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-cognitive-function-test\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-cognitive-function-test-1\" title=\"[New]\">cognitive function test</a> (such as remembering a password or solving a puzzle) is not required for any step in an authentication <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-processes\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-processes-3\" title=\"series of user actions where each action is required in order to complete an activity\">process</a> unless that step provides at least one of the following:</p>   <dl> <dt>Alternative</dt> <dd>Another authentication method that does not rely on a cognitive function test.</dd> <dt>Mechanism</dt> <dd>A <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-mechanism\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-mechanism-13\" title=\"process or technique for achieving a result\">mechanism</a> is available to assist the user in completing the cognitive function test.</dd> <dt>Object Recognition</dt> <dd>The cognitive function test is to recognize objects.</dd> <dt>Personal Content</dt> <dd>The cognitive function test is to identify <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-non-text-content\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-non-text-content-2\" title=\"any content that is not a sequence of characters that can be programmatically determined or where the sequence is not expressing something in human language\">non-text content</a> the user provided to the Web site.</dd> </dl>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-41\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"5\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-41\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 1</span></div><p class=\"\">\"Object recognition\" and \"Personal content\" may be represented by images, video, or audio.</p></div>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-42\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"5\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-42\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 2</span></div><div class=\"\">Examples of mechanisms that satisfy this criterion include:         <ol> <li>support for password entry by password managers to reduce memory need, and</li> <li>copy and paste to reduce the cognitive burden of re-typing.</li> </ol> </div></div>  "
                        },
                        {
                            "id": "accessible-authentication-enhanced",
                            "num": "3.3.9",
                            "handle": "Accessible Authentication (Enhanced)",
                            "level": "(Level AAA)",
                            "content": "  <p class=\"change\">[New]</p>   <p>A <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-cognitive-function-test\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-cognitive-function-test-2\" title=\"[New]\">cognitive function test</a> (such as remembering a password or solving a puzzle) is not required for any step in an authentication <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-processes\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-processes-4\" title=\"series of user actions where each action is required in order to complete an activity\">process</a> unless that step provides at least one of the following:</p>   <dl> <dt>Alternative</dt> <dd>Another authentication method that does not rely on a cognitive function test.</dd> <dt>Mechanism</dt> <dd>A <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-mechanism\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-mechanism-14\" title=\"process or technique for achieving a result\">mechanism</a> is available to assist the user in completing the cognitive function test.</dd> </dl>  "
                        }
                    ]
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "robust",
            "num": "4. ",
            "handle": " Robust ",
            "title": "Content must be robust enough that it can be interpreted by a wide variety of user\n            agents, including assistive technologies.\n         ",
            "content": "<p>Content must be robust enough that it can be interpreted by a wide variety of user\n            agents, including assistive technologies.\n         </p>",
            "guidelines": [
                {
                    "id": "compatible",
                    "num": "4.1",
                    "handle": "Compatible",
                    "title": "Maximize compatibility with current and future user agents, including assistive technologies.",
                    "content": "<p>Maximize compatibility with current and future user agents, including assistive technologies.</p>",
                    "successcriteria": [
                        {
                            "id": "parsing21",
                            "num": "4.1.1",
                            "handle": "Parsing (WCAG 2.1)",
                            "level": "(Level A)",
                            "content": "  <p>In content implemented using markup languages, elements have complete start and end       tags, elements are nested according to their specifications, elements do not contain       duplicate attributes, and any IDs are unique, except where the specifications allow       these features.    </p>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-26\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"5\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-26\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note</span></div><p class=\"\">This Success Criterion should be considered as always satisfied for any content using HTML or XML.</p></div>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"wcag21-issue-container-generatedID-27\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"5\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"wca21-h-note-27\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note</span></div><div class=\"\"> <p>Since this criterion was written, the HTML Living Standard has adopted specific requirements governing how user agents must handle incomplete tags, incorrect element nesting, duplicate attributes, and non-unique IDs. [<cite><a class=\"bibref\" data-link-type=\"biblio\" href=\"#bib-html\" title=\"HTML Standard\">HTML</a></cite>]</p> <p>Although the HTML Standard treats some of these cases as non-conforming for authors, it is considered to \"allow these features\" for the purposes of this Success Criterion because the specification requires that user agents support handling these cases consistently. In practice, this criterion no longer provides any benefit to people with disabilities in itself.</p> <p>Issues such as missing roles due to inappropriately nested elements or incorrect states or names due to a duplicate ID are covered by different Success Criteria and should be reported under those criteria rather than as issues with 4.1.1.</p> </div></div>  "
                        },
                        {
                            "id": "parsing22",
                            "num": "4.1.1",
                            "handle": "Parsing (WCAG 2.2)",
                            "level": "(Obsolete and removed)",
                            "content": "<div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-43\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"5\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-43\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note</span></div><p class=\"\">This criterion was originally adopted to address problems that assistive technology had directly parsing HTML. Assistive technology no longer has any need to directly parse HTML. Consequently, these problems either no longer exist or are addressed by other criteria. This criterion no longer has utility and is removed.</p></div>  "
                        },
                        {
                            "id": "name-role-value",
                            "num": "4.1.2",
                            "handle": "Name, Role, Value",
                            "level": "(Level A)",
                            "content": "  <p>For all <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-user-interface-components\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-user-interface-components-13\" title=\"a part of the content that is perceived by users as a single control for a distinct function\">user interface components</a> (including but not limited to: form elements, links and components generated by scripts),       the <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-name\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-name-3\" title=\"text by which software can identify a component within Web content to the user\">name</a> and <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-role\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-role-1\" title=\"text or number by which software can identify the function of a component within Web content\">role</a> can be <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-programmatically-determinable\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-programmatically-determinable-7\" title=\"determined by software from author-supplied data provided in a way that different user agents, including assistive technologies, can extract and present this information to users in different modalities\">programmatically determined</a>; states, properties, and values that can be set by the user can be <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-programmatically-set\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-programmatically-set-1\" title=\"set by software using methods that are supported by user agents, including assistive technologies\">programmatically set</a>; and notification of changes to these items is available to <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-user-agents\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-user-agents-4\" title=\"any software that retrieves and presents Web content for users\">user agents</a>, including <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-assistive-technologies\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-assistive-technologies-3\" title=\"hardware and/or software that acts as a user agent, or along with a mainstream user agent, to provide functionality to meet the requirements of users with disabilities that go beyond those offered by mainstream user agents\">assistive technologies</a>.    </p>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-44\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"5\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-44\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note</span></div><p class=\"\">This success criterion is primarily for Web authors who develop or script their own       user interface components. For example, standard HTML controls already meet this success       criterion when used according to specification.    </p></div>  "
                        },
                        {
                            "id": "status-messages",
                            "num": "4.1.3",
                            "handle": "Status Messages",
                            "level": "(Level AA)",
                            "content": "  <p>In content implemented using markup languages, <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-status-messages\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-status-messages-1\" title=\"change in content that is not a change of context, and that provides information to the user on the success or results of an action, on the waiting state of an application, on the progress of a process, or on the existence of errors\">status messages</a> can be <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-programmatically-determinable\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-programmatically-determinable-8\" title=\"determined by software from author-supplied data provided in a way that different user agents, including assistive technologies, can extract and present this information to users in different modalities\">programmatically determined</a> through <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-role\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-role-2\" title=\"text or number by which software can identify the function of a component within Web content\">role</a> or properties such that they can be presented to the user by <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-assistive-technologies\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-assistive-technologies-4\" title=\"hardware and/or software that acts as a user agent, or along with a mainstream user agent, to provide functionality to meet the requirements of users with disabilities that go beyond those offered by mainstream user agents\">assistive technologies</a> without receiving focus.</p>  "
                        }
                    ]
                }
            ]
        }
    ],
    "terms": [
        {
            "id": "dfn-abbreviations",
            "name": "abbreviation",
            "definition": "  <p>shortened form of a word, phrase, or name where the abbreviation has not become part       of the language    </p>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-56\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-56\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 1</span></div><p class=\"\">This includes initialisms and acronyms where:</p></div>   <ol> <li> <p><strong>initialisms</strong> are shortened forms of a name or phrase made from the initial letters of words or             syllables contained in that name or phrase          </p> <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-57\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-57\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 2</span></div><p class=\"\">Not defined in all languages.</p></div> <aside class=\"example\" id=\"example-2\"><div class=\"marker\">Example 1</div><p>SNCF is a French initialism that contains the initial letters of the <span lang=\"fr\">Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Nationale des Chemins de Fer</span>, the French national railroad.          </p></aside> <aside class=\"example\" id=\"example-3\"><div class=\"marker\">Example 2</div><p>ESP is an initialism for extrasensory perception.</p></aside> </li> <li> <p><strong>acronyms</strong> are abbreviated forms made from the initial letters or parts of other words (in a             name or phrase) which may be pronounced as a word          </p> <aside class=\"example\" id=\"example-4\"><div class=\"marker\">Example 3</div><p>NOAA is an acronym made from the initial letters of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric             Administration in the United States.          </p></aside> </li> </ol>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-58\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-58\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 3</span></div><p class=\"\">Some companies have adopted what used to be an initialism as their company name. In       these cases, the new name of the company is the letters (for example, Ecma) and the       word is no longer considered an abbreviation.    </p></div>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-accessibility-supported",
            "name": "accessibility supported",
            "definition": "  <p>supported by users' <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-assistive-technologies\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-assistive-technologies-5\" title=\"hardware and/or software that acts as a user agent, or along with a mainstream user agent, to provide functionality to meet the requirements of users with disabilities that go beyond those offered by mainstream user agents\">assistive technologies</a> as well as the accessibility features in browsers and other <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-user-agents\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-user-agents-5\" title=\"any software that retrieves and presents Web content for users\">user agents</a></p>   <p>To qualify as an accessibility-supported use of a Web content technology (or feature       of a technology), both 1 and 2 must be satisfied for a Web content technology (or       feature):    </p>   <ol> <li> <p><strong>The way that the <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-technologies\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-technologies-5\" title=\"mechanism for encoding instructions to be rendered, played or executed by user agents\">Web content technology</a> is used must be supported by users' assistive technology (AT). </strong> This means that the way that the technology is used has been tested for interoperability             with users' assistive technology in the <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-human-language-s\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-human-language-s-3\" title=\"language that is spoken, written or signed (through visual or tactile means) to communicate with humans\">human language(s)</a> of the content,          </p> <p><strong>AND</strong></p> </li> <li> <p><strong>The Web content technology must have accessibility-supported user agents that are                available to users. </strong> This means that at least one of the following four statements is true:          </p> <ol> <li> <p>The technology is supported natively in widely-distributed user agents that are also                   accessibility supported (such as HTML and CSS);                </p> <p><strong>OR</strong></p> </li> <li> <p>The technology is supported in a widely-distributed plug-in that is also accessibility                   supported;                </p> <p><strong>OR</strong></p> </li> <li> <p>The content is available in a closed environment, such as a university or corporate                   network, where the user agent required by the technology and used by the organization                   is also accessibility supported;                </p> <p><strong>OR</strong></p> </li> <li> <p>The user agent(s) that support the technology are accessibility supported and are                   available for download or purchase in a way that:                </p> <ul> <li>does not cost a person with a disability any more than a person without a disability                      <strong>and</strong></li> <li>is as easy to find and obtain for a person with a disability as it is for a person                      without disabilities.                   </li> </ul> </li> </ol> </li> </ol>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-59\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-59\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 1</span></div><p class=\"\">The Accessibility Guidelines Working Group and the <abbr title=\"World Wide Web Consortium\">W3C</abbr> do not specify which or how much support by assistive       technologies there must be for a particular use of a Web technology in order for it       to be classified as accessibility supported. (See <a href=\"https://www.w3.org/WAI/WCAG21/Understanding/conformance#support-level\">Level of Assistive Technology Support Needed for \"Accessibility Support\"</a>.)    </p></div>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-60\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-60\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 2</span></div><p class=\"\">Web technologies can be used in ways that are not accessibility supported as long       as they are not <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-relied-upon\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-relied-upon-7\" title=\"the content would not conform if that technology is turned off or is not supported\">relied upon</a> and the page as a whole meets the conformance requirements, including <a href=\"#cc4\">Conformance Requirement 4</a> and <a href=\"#cc5\">Conformance Requirement 5</a>.    </p></div>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-61\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-61\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 3</span></div><p class=\"\">When a <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-technologies\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-technologies-6\" title=\"mechanism for encoding instructions to be rendered, played or executed by user agents\">Web Technology</a> is used in a way that is \"accessibility supported,\" it does not imply that the entire       technology or all uses of the technology are supported. Most technologies, including       HTML, lack support for at least one feature or use. Pages conform to WCAG only if       the uses of the technology that are accessibility supported can be relied upon to       meet WCAG requirements.    </p></div>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-62\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-62\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 4</span></div><p class=\"\">When citing Web content technologies that have multiple versions, the version(s) supported       should be specified.    </p></div>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-63\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-63\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 5</span></div><p class=\"\">One way for authors to locate uses of a technology that are accessibility supported       would be to consult compilations of uses that are documented to be accessibility supported.       (See <a href=\"https://www.w3.org/WAI/WCAG21/Understanding/conformance#documented-lists\">Understanding Accessibility-Supported Web Technology Uses</a>.) Authors, companies, technology vendors, or others may document accessibility-supported       ways of using Web content technologies. However, all ways of using technologies in       the documentation would need to meet the definition of accessibility-supported Web       content technologies above.    </p></div>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-alternative-for-time-based-media",
            "name": "alternative for time-based media",
            "definition": "  <p>document including correctly sequenced text descriptions of time-based visual and       auditory information and providing a means for achieving the outcomes of any time-based       interaction    </p>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-64\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-64\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note</span></div><p class=\"\">A screenplay used to create the synchronized media content would meet this definition       only if it was corrected to accurately represent the final synchronized media after       editing.    </p></div>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-ambiguous-to-users-in-general",
            "name": "ambiguous to users in general",
            "definition": "  <p>the purpose cannot be determined from the link and all information of the Web page       presented to the user simultaneously with the link (i.e., readers without disabilities       would not know what a link would do until they activated it)    </p>   <aside class=\"example\" id=\"example-5\"><div class=\"marker\">Example</div><p>The word guava in the following sentence \"One of the notable exports is guava\" is       a link. The link could lead to a definition of guava, a chart listing the quantity       of guava exported or a photograph of people harvesting guava. Until the link is activated,       all readers are unsure and the person with a disability is not at any disadvantage.    </p></aside>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-ascii-art",
            "name": "ASCII art",
            "definition": "  <p>picture created by a spatial arrangement of characters or glyphs (typically from the       95 printable characters defined by ASCII)    </p>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-assistive-technologies",
            "name": "assistive technology",
            "definition": "  <p>hardware and/or software that acts as a <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-user-agents\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-user-agents-6\" title=\"any software that retrieves and presents Web content for users\">user agent</a>, or along with a mainstream user agent, to provide functionality to meet the requirements       of users with disabilities that go beyond those offered by mainstream user agents    </p>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-65\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-65\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 1</span></div><p class=\"\">Functionality provided by assistive technology includes alternative presentations       (e.g., as synthesized speech or magnified content), alternative input methods (e.g.,       voice), additional navigation or orientation mechanisms, and content transformations       (e.g., to make tables more accessible).    </p></div>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-66\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-66\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 2</span></div><p class=\"\">Assistive technologies often communicate data and messages with mainstream user agents       by using and monitoring APIs.    </p></div>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-67\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-67\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 3</span></div><p class=\"\">The distinction between mainstream user agents and assistive technologies is not absolute.       Many mainstream user agents provide some features to assist individuals with disabilities.       The basic difference is that mainstream user agents target broad and diverse audiences       that usually include people with and without disabilities. Assistive technologies       target narrowly defined populations of users with specific disabilities. The assistance       provided by an assistive technology is more specific and appropriate to the needs       of its target users. The mainstream user agent may provide important functionality       to assistive technologies like retrieving Web content from program objects or parsing       markup into identifiable bundles.    </p></div>   <aside class=\"example\" id=\"example-6\"><div class=\"marker\">Example</div><p>Assistive technologies that are important in the context of this document include       the following:    </p> <ul> <li>screen magnifiers, and other visual reading assistants, which are used by people with          visual, perceptual and physical print disabilities to change text font, size, spacing,          color, synchronization with speech, etc. in order to improve the visual readability          of rendered text and images;       </li> <li>screen readers, which are used by people who are blind to read textual information          through synthesized speech or braille;       </li> <li>text-to-speech software, which is used by some people with cognitive, language, and          learning disabilities to convert text into synthetic speech;       </li> <li>speech recognition software, which may be used by people who have some physical disabilities;</li> <li>alternative keyboards, which are used by people with certain physical disabilities          to simulate the keyboard (including alternate keyboards that use head pointers, single          switches, sip/puff and other special input devices.);       </li> <li>alternative pointing devices, which are used by people with certain physical disabilities          to simulate mouse pointing and button activations.       </li> </ul> </aside>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-audio",
            "name": "audio",
            "definition": "  <p>the technology of sound reproduction</p>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-68\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-68\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note</span></div><p class=\"\">Audio can be created synthetically (including speech synthesis), recorded from real       world sounds, or both.    </p></div>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-audio-descriptions",
            "name": "audio description",
            "definition": "  <p>narration added to the soundtrack to describe important visual details that cannot       be understood from the main soundtrack alone    </p>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-69\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-69\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 1</span></div><p class=\"\">Audio description of <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-video\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-video-4\" title=\"the technology of moving or sequenced pictures or images\">video</a> provides information about actions, characters, scene changes, on-screen text, and       other visual content.    </p></div>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-70\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-70\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 2</span></div><p class=\"\">In standard audio description, narration is added during existing pauses in dialogue.       (See also <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-extended-audio-description\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-extended-audio-description-2\" title=\"audio description that is added to an audiovisual presentation by pausing the video so that there is time to add additional description\">extended audio description</a>.)    </p></div>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-71\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-71\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 3</span></div><p class=\"\">Where all of the <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-video\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-video-5\" title=\"the technology of moving or sequenced pictures or images\">video</a> information is already provided in existing <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-audio\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-audio-4\" title=\"the technology of sound reproduction\">audio</a>, no additional audio description is necessary.    </p></div>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-72\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-72\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 4</span></div><p class=\"\">Also called \"video description\" and \"descriptive narration.\"</p></div>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-audio-only",
            "name": "audio-only",
            "definition": "  <p>a time-based presentation that contains only <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-audio\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-audio-5\" title=\"the technology of sound reproduction\">audio</a> (no <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-video\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-video-6\" title=\"the technology of moving or sequenced pictures or images\">video</a> and no interaction)    </p>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-blinking",
            "name": "blinking",
            "definition": "  <p>switch back and forth between two visual states in a way that is meant to draw attention</p>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-73\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-73\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note</span></div><p class=\"\">See also <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-flashes\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-flashes-3\" title=\"a pair of opposing changes in relative luminance that can cause seizures in some people if it is large enough and in the right frequency range\">flash</a>. It is possible for something to be large enough and blink brightly enough at the       right frequency to be also classified as a flash.    </p></div>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-blocks-of-text",
            "name": "blocks of text",
            "definition": "  <p>more than one sentence of text</p>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-captcha",
            "name": "CAPTCHA",
            "definition": "  <p>initialism for \"Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell Computers and Humans       Apart\"    </p>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-74\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-74\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 1</span></div><p class=\"\">CAPTCHA tests often involve asking the user to type in text that is displayed in an       obscured image or audio file.    </p></div>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-75\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-75\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 2</span></div><p class=\"\">A Turing test is any system of tests designed to differentiate a human from a computer.       It is named after famed computer scientist Alan Turing. The term was coined by researchers       at Carnegie Mellon University.    </p></div>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-captions",
            "name": "captions",
            "definition": "  <p>synchronized visual and/or <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-text-alternative\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-text-alternative-2\" title=\"Text that is programmatically associated with non-text content or referred to from text that is programmatically associated with non-text content. Programmatically associated text is text whose location can be programmatically determined from the non-text content.\">text alternative</a> for both speech and non-speech audio information needed to understand the media content    </p>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-76\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-76\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 1</span></div><p class=\"\">Captions are similar to dialogue-only subtitles except captions convey not only the       content of spoken dialogue, but also equivalents for non-dialogue audio information       needed to understand the program content, including sound effects, music, laughter,       speaker identification and location.    </p></div>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-77\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-77\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 2</span></div><p class=\"\">Closed Captions are equivalents that can be turned on and off with some players.</p></div>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-78\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-78\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 3</span></div><p class=\"\">Open Captions are any captions that cannot be turned off. For example, if the captions       are visual equivalent <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-images-of-text\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-images-of-text-7\" title=\"text that has been rendered in a non-text form (e.g., an image) in order to achieve a particular visual effect\">images of text</a> embedded in <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-video\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-video-7\" title=\"the technology of moving or sequenced pictures or images\">video</a>.    </p></div>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-79\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-79\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 4</span></div><p class=\"\">Captions should not obscure or obstruct relevant information in the video.</p></div>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-80\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-80\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 5</span></div><p class=\"\">In some countries, captions are called subtitles.</p></div>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-81\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-81\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 6</span></div><p class=\"\"><a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-audio-descriptions\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-audio-descriptions-4\" title=\"narration added to the soundtrack to describe important visual details that cannot be understood from the main soundtrack alone\">Audio descriptions</a> can be, but do not need to be, captioned since they are descriptions of information       that is already presented visually.    </p></div>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-change-of-context",
            "name": "changes of context",
            "definition": "  <p>major changes that, if made without user awareness, can disorient users who are not able to view       the entire page simultaneously    </p>   <p>Changes in context include changes of:</p>   <ol> <li><a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-user-agents\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-user-agents-7\" title=\"any software that retrieves and presents Web content for users\">user agent</a>;       </li> <li><a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-viewport\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-viewport-1\" title=\"object in which the user agent presents content\">viewport</a>;       </li> <li>focus;</li> <li><a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-content\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-content-2\" title=\"information and sensory experience to be communicated to the user by means of a user agent, including code or markup that defines the content's structure, presentation, and interactions\">content</a> that changes the meaning of the <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-web-page-s\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-web-page-s-17\" title=\"a non-embedded resource obtained from a single URI using HTTP plus any other resources that are used in the rendering or intended to be rendered together with it by a user agent\">Web page</a> </li> </ol>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-82\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-82\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note</span></div><p class=\"\">A change of content is not always a change of context. Changes in content, such as       an expanding outline, dynamic menu, or a tab control do not necessarily change the       context, unless they also change one of the above (e.g., focus).    </p></div>   <aside class=\"example\" id=\"example-7\"><div class=\"marker\">Example</div><p>Opening a new window, moving focus to a different component, going to a new page (including       anything that would look to a user as if they had moved to a new page) or significantly       re-arranging the content of a page are examples of changes of context.    </p></aside>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-cognitive-function-test",
            "name": "Cognitive function test",
            "definition": "  <p class=\"change\">[New]</p>   <p>A task that requires the user to remember, manipulate, or transcribe information. Examples include, but are not limited to:</p>   <ul> <li>memorization, such as remembering a username, password, set of characters, images, or patterns. The common identifiers name, e-mail, and phone number are not considered cognitive function tests as they are personal to the user and consistent across Web sites;</li> <li>transcription, such as typing in characters;</li> <li>use of correct spelling;</li> <li>performance of calculations;</li> <li>solving of puzzles.</li> </ul>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-conform",
            "name": "conformance",
            "definition": "  <p>satisfying all the requirements of a given standard, guideline or specification</p>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-conforming-alternate-versions",
            "name": "conforming alternate version",
            "definition": "  <p>version that</p>   <ol> <li>conforms at the designated level, and</li> <li>provides all of the same information and <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-functionality\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-functionality-7\" title=\"processes and outcomes achievable through user action\">functionality</a> in the same <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-human-language-s\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-human-language-s-4\" title=\"language that is spoken, written or signed (through visual or tactile means) to communicate with humans\">human language</a>, and       </li> <li>is as up to date as the non-conforming content, and</li> <li> <p>for which at least one of the following is true:</p> <ol> <li>the conforming version can be reached from the non-conforming page via an <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-accessibility-supported\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-accessibility-supported-6\" title=\"supported by users' assistive technologies as well as the accessibility features in browsers and other user agents\">accessibility-supported</a> <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-mechanism\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-mechanism-15\" title=\"process or technique for achieving a result\">mechanism</a>, or             </li> <li>the non-conforming version can only be reached from the conforming version, or</li> <li>the non-conforming version can only be reached from a conforming page that also provides                a mechanism to reach the conforming version             </li> </ol> </li> </ol>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-83\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-83\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 1</span></div><p class=\"\">In this definition, \"can only be reached\" means that there is some mechanism, such       as a conditional redirect, that prevents a user from \"reaching\" (loading) the non-conforming       page unless the user had just come from the conforming version.    </p></div>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-84\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-84\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 2</span></div><p class=\"\">The alternate version does not need to be matched page for page with the original       (e.g., the conforming alternate version may consist of multiple pages).    </p></div>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-85\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-85\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 3</span></div><p class=\"\">If multiple language versions are available, then conforming alternate versions are       required for each language offered.    </p></div>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-86\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-86\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 4</span></div><p class=\"\">Alternate versions may be provided to accommodate different technology environments       or user groups. Each version should be as conformant as possible. One version would       need to be fully conformant in order to meet <a href=\"#cc1\">conformance requirement 1</a>.    </p></div>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-87\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-87\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 5</span></div><p class=\"\">The conforming alternative version does not need to reside within the scope of conformance,       or even on the same Web site, as long as it is as freely available as the non-conforming       version.    </p></div>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-88\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-88\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 6</span></div><p class=\"\">Alternate versions should not be confused with <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-supplementary-content\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-supplementary-content-2\" title=\"additional content that illustrates or clarifies the primary content\">supplementary content</a>, which support the original page and enhance comprehension.    </p></div>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-89\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-89\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 7</span></div><p class=\"\">Setting user preferences within the content to produce a conforming version is an       acceptable mechanism for reaching another version as long as the method used to set       the preferences is accessibility supported.    </p></div>   <p>See <a href=\"https://www.w3.org/WAI/WCAG21/Understanding/conformance#conforming-alt-versions\">Understanding Conforming Alternate Versions</a></p>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-content",
            "name": "content",
            "definition": "  <p>information and sensory experience to be communicated to the user by means of a <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-user-agents\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-user-agents-8\" title=\"any software that retrieves and presents Web content for users\">user agent</a>, including code or markup that defines the content's <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-structure\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-structure-2\" title=\"The way the parts of a Web page are organized in relation to each other; and The way a collection of Web pages is organized\">structure</a>, <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-presentation\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-presentation-5\" title=\"rendering of the content in a form to be perceived by users\">presentation</a>, and interactions    </p>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-context-sensitive-help",
            "name": "context-sensitive help",
            "definition": "  <p>help text that provides information related to the function currently being performed</p>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-90\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-90\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note</span></div><p class=\"\">Clear labels can act as context-sensitive help.</p></div>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-contrast-ratio",
            "name": "contrast ratio",
            "definition": "  <p>(L1 + 0.05) / (L2 + 0.05), where</p>   <ul> <li>L1 is the <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-relative-luminance\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-relative-luminance-1\" title=\"the relative brightness of any point in a colorspace, normalized to 0 for darkest black and 1 for lightest white\">relative luminance</a> of the lighter of the colors, and       </li> <li>L2 is the <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-relative-luminance\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-relative-luminance-2\" title=\"the relative brightness of any point in a colorspace, normalized to 0 for darkest black and 1 for lightest white\">relative luminance</a> of the darker of the colors.       </li> </ul>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-91\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-91\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 1</span></div><p class=\"\">Contrast ratios can range from 1 to 21 (commonly written 1:1 to 21:1).</p></div>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-92\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-92\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 2</span></div><p class=\"\">Because authors do not have control over user settings as to how text is rendered       (for example font smoothing or anti-aliasing), the contrast ratio for text can be       evaluated with anti-aliasing turned off.    </p></div>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-93\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-93\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 3</span></div><p class=\"\">For the purpose of Success Criteria 1.4.3 and 1.4.6, contrast is measured with respect       to the specified background over which the text is rendered in normal usage. If no       background color is specified, then white is assumed.    </p></div>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-94\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-94\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 4</span></div><p class=\"\">Background color is the specified color of content over which the text is to be rendered       in normal usage. It is a failure if no background color is specified when the text       color is specified, because the user's default background color is unknown and cannot       be evaluated for sufficient contrast. For the same reason, it is a failure if no text       color is specified when a background color is specified.    </p></div>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-95\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-95\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 5</span></div><p class=\"\">When there is a border around the letter, the border can add contrast and would be       used in calculating the contrast between the letter and its background. A narrow border       around the letter would be used as the letter. A wide border around the letter that       fills in the inner details of the letters acts as a halo and would be considered background.    </p></div>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-96\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-96\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 6</span></div><p class=\"\">WCAG conformance should be evaluated for color pairs specified in the content that       an author would expect to appear adjacent in typical presentation. Authors need not       consider unusual presentations, such as color changes made by the user agent, except       where caused by authors' code.    </p></div>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-correct-reading-sequence",
            "name": "correct reading sequence",
            "definition": "  <p>any sequence where words and paragraphs are presented in an order that does not change       the meaning of the content    </p>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-css-pixels",
            "name": "CSS pixel",
            "definition": "  <p>visual angle of about 0.0213 degrees</p>   <p>A CSS pixel is the canonical unit of measure for all lengths and measurements in CSS.       This unit is density-independent, and distinct from actual hardware pixels present       in a display. User agents and operating systems should ensure that a CSS pixel is       set as closely as possible to the <a href=\"https://www.w3.org/TR/css3-values/#reference-pixel\">CSS Values and Units Module Level 3 reference pixel</a> [<cite><a class=\"bibref\" data-link-type=\"biblio\" href=\"#bib-css3-values\" title=\"CSS Values and Units Module Level 3\">css3-values</a></cite>], which takes into account the physical dimensions of the display       and the assumed viewing distance (factors that cannot be determined by content authors).    </p>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-down-event",
            "name": "down-event",
            "definition": "  <p>platform event that occurs  when the trigger stimulus of a pointer is depressed</p>   <p>The down-event may have different names on different platforms, such as \"touchstart\" or \"mousedown\".</p>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-dragging-movements",
            "name": "dragging movement",
            "definition": "  <p class=\"change\">[New]</p>   <p>an operation where the pointer engages with an element on the <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-down-event\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-down-event-2\" title=\"platform event that occurs when the trigger stimulus of a pointer is depressed\">down-event</a> and the element (or a representation of its position) follows the pointer until an <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-up-event\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-up-event-2\" title=\"platform event that occurs when the trigger stimulus of a pointer is released\">up-event</a></p>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-97\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-97\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note</span></div><p class=\"\">Examples of draggable elements include list items, text elements, and images.</p></div>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-emergency",
            "name": "emergency",
            "definition": "  <p>a sudden, unexpected situation or occurrence that requires immediate action to preserve       health, safety, or property    </p>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-enclose",
            "name": "encloses",
            "definition": "  <p class=\"change\">[New]</p>   <p>solidly bounds or surrounds</p>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-essential",
            "name": "essential",
            "definition": "  <p>if removed, would fundamentally change the information or functionality of the content,       <strong>and</strong> information and functionality cannot be achieved in another way that would conform    </p>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-extended-audio-description",
            "name": "extended audio description",
            "definition": "  <p>audio description that is added to an audiovisual presentation by pausing the <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-video\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-video-8\" title=\"the technology of moving or sequenced pictures or images\">video</a> so that there is time to add additional description    </p>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-98\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-98\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note</span></div><p class=\"\">This technique is only used when the sense of the <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-video\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-video-9\" title=\"the technology of moving or sequenced pictures or images\">video</a> would be lost without the additional <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-audio-descriptions\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-audio-descriptions-5\" title=\"narration added to the soundtrack to describe important visual details that cannot be understood from the main soundtrack alone\">audio description</a> and the pauses between dialogue/narration are too short.    </p></div>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-flashes",
            "name": "flash",
            "definition": "  <p>a pair of opposing changes in <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-relative-luminance\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-relative-luminance-3\" title=\"the relative brightness of any point in a colorspace, normalized to 0 for darkest black and 1 for lightest white\">relative luminance</a> that can cause seizures in some people if it is large enough and in the right frequency       range    </p>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-99\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-99\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 1</span></div><p class=\"\">See <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-general-flash-and-red-flash-thresholds\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-general-flash-and-red-flash-thresholds-2\" title=\"a flash or rapidly changing image sequence is below the threshold (i.e., content passes) if any of the following are true:\">general flash and red flash thresholds</a> for information about types of flash that are not allowed.    </p></div>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-100\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-100\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 2</span></div><p class=\"\">See also <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-blinking\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-blinking-2\" title=\"switch back and forth between two visual states in a way that is meant to draw attention\">blinking</a>.    </p></div>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-focus-indicator",
            "name": "focus indicator",
            "definition": "  <p class=\"change\">[New]</p>   <p>pixels that are changed to visually indicate when a <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-user-interface-components\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-user-interface-components-14\" title=\"a part of the content that is perceived by users as a single control for a distinct function\">user interface component</a> is in a focused <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-states\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-states-2\" title=\"dynamic property expressing characteristics of a user interface component that may change in response to user action or automated processes\">state</a> </p>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-functionality",
            "name": "functionality",
            "definition": "  <p><a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-processes\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-processes-6\" title=\"series of user actions where each action is required in order to complete an activity\">processes</a> and outcomes achievable through user action    </p>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-general-flash-and-red-flash-thresholds",
            "name": "general flash and red flash thresholds",
            "definition": "  <p>a <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-flashes\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-flashes-4\" title=\"a pair of opposing changes in relative luminance that can cause seizures in some people if it is large enough and in the right frequency range\">flash</a> or rapidly changing image sequence is below the threshold (i.e., content <strong>passes</strong>) if any of the following are true:    </p>   <ol> <li>there are no more than three <strong>general flashes</strong> and / or no more than three <strong>red flashes</strong> within any one-second period; or       </li> <li>the combined area of flashes occurring concurrently occupies no more than a total          of .006 steradians within any 10 degree visual field on the screen (25% of any 10          degree visual field on the screen) at typical viewing distance       </li> </ol>   <p>where:</p>   <ul> <li>A <strong>general flash</strong> is defined as a pair of opposing changes in <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-relative-luminance\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-relative-luminance-4\" title=\"the relative brightness of any point in a colorspace, normalized to 0 for darkest black and 1 for lightest white\">relative luminance</a> of 10% or more of the maximum relative luminance (1.0) where the relative luminance of          the darker image is below 0.80; and where \"a pair of opposing changes\" is an increase          followed by a decrease, or a decrease followed by an increase, and       </li> <li>A <strong>red flash</strong> is defined as any pair of opposing transitions involving a saturated red       </li> </ul>   <p><em>Exception:</em> Flashing that is a fine, balanced, pattern such as white noise or an alternating       checkerboard pattern with \"squares\" smaller than 0.1 degree (of visual field at typical       viewing distance) on a side does not violate the thresholds.    </p>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-101\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-101\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 1</span></div><p class=\"\">For general software or Web content, using a 341 x 256 pixel rectangle anywhere on the displayed screen area when the content is viewed at 1024 x 768 pixels will provide a good estimate of a 10 degree visual field for standard screen sizes and viewing distances (e.g., 15-17 inch screen at 22-26 inches). This resolution of 75 - 85 ppi is known to be lower, and thus more conservative than the nominal CSS pixel resolution of 96 ppi in CSS specifications. Higher resolutions displays showing the same rendering of the content yield smaller and safer images so it is lower resolutions that are used to define the thresholds.    </p></div>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-102\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-102\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 2</span></div><p class=\"\">A transition is the change in relative luminance (or relative luminance/color for       red flashing) between adjacent peaks and valleys in a plot of relative luminance (or       relative luminance/color for red flashing) measurement against time. A flash consists       of two opposing transitions.    </p></div>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-103\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-103\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 3</span></div><p class=\"\">The new working definition in the field for <strong>\"pair of opposing transitions involving a saturated red\"</strong> (from WCAG 2.2) is a pair of opposing transitions where, one transition is either to or from a state with a value R/(R + G + B) that is greater than or equal to 0.8, and the difference between states is more than 0.2 (unitless) in the CIE 1976 UCS chromaticity diagram. [<cite><a class=\"bibref\" data-link-type=\"biblio\" href=\"#bib-iso_9241-391\" title=\"Ergonomics of human-system interaction\u2014Part 391: Requirements, analysis and compliance test methods for the reduction of photosensitive seizures\">ISO_9241-391</a></cite>] </p></div>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-104\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-104\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 4</span></div><p class=\"\">Tools are available that will carry out analysis from video screen capture. However,       no tool is necessary to evaluate for this condition if flashing is less than or equal       to 3 flashes in any one second. Content automatically passes (see #1 and #2 above).    </p></div>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-human-language-s",
            "name": "human language",
            "definition": "  <p>language that is spoken, written or signed (through visual or tactile means) to communicate       with humans    </p>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-105\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-105\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note</span></div><p class=\"\">See also <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-sign-language\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-sign-language-1\" title=\"a language using combinations of movements of the hands and arms, facial expressions, or body positions to convey meaning\">sign language</a>.    </p></div>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-idioms",
            "name": "idiom",
            "definition": "  <p>phrase whose meaning cannot be deduced from the meaning of the individual words and       the specific words cannot be changed without losing the meaning    </p>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-106\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-106\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note</span></div><p class=\"\">Idioms cannot be translated directly, word for word, without losing their (cultural       or language-dependent) meaning.    </p></div>   <aside class=\"example\" id=\"example-8\"><div class=\"marker\">Example 1</div><p>In English, \"spilling the beans\" means \"revealing a secret.\" However, \"knocking over       the beans\" or \"spilling the vegetables\" does not mean the same thing.    </p></aside>   <aside class=\"example\" id=\"example-9\"><div class=\"marker\">Example 2</div><p>In Japanese, the phrase \"<span lang=\"ja\">\u3055\u3058\u3092\u6295\u3052\u308b</span>\" literally translates into \"he throws a spoon,\" but it means that there is nothing       he can do and finally he gives up.    </p></aside>   <aside class=\"example\" id=\"example-10\"><div class=\"marker\">Example 3</div><p>In Dutch, \"<span lang=\"nl\">Hij ging met de kippen op stok</span>\" literally translates into \"He went to roost with the chickens,\" but it means that       he went to bed early.    </p></aside>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-images-of-text",
            "name": "image of text",
            "definition": "  <p>text that has been rendered in a non-text form (e.g., an image) in order to achieve       a particular visual effect    </p>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-107\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-107\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note</span></div><p class=\"\">This does not include <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-text\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-text-9\" title=\"sequence of characters that can be programmatically determined, where the sequence is expressing something in human language\">text</a> that is part of a picture that contains significant other visual content.    </p></div>   <aside class=\"example\" id=\"example-11\"><div class=\"marker\">Example</div><p>A person's name on a nametag in a photograph.</p></aside>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-informative",
            "name": "informative",
            "definition": "  <p>for information purposes and not required for conformance</p>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-108\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-108\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note</span></div><p class=\"\">Content required for <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-conform\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-conform-3\" title=\"satisfying all the requirements of a given standard, guideline or specification\">conformance</a> is referred to as \"<a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-normative\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-normative-2\" title=\"required for conformance\">normative</a>.\"</p></div>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-input-error",
            "name": "input error",
            "definition": "  <p>information provided by the user that is not accepted</p>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-109\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-109\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note</span></div><div class=\"\"> <p>This includes:</p> <ol> <li>Information that is required by the <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-web-page-s\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-web-page-s-18\" title=\"a non-embedded resource obtained from a single URI using HTTP plus any other resources that are used in the rendering or intended to be rendered together with it by a user agent\">Web page</a> but omitted by the user       </li> <li>Information that is provided by the user but that falls outside the required data          format or values       </li> </ol> </div></div>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-jargon",
            "name": "jargon",
            "definition": "  <p>words used in a particular way by people in a particular field</p>   <aside class=\"example\" id=\"example-12\"><div class=\"marker\">Example</div><p>The word StickyKeys is jargon from the field of assistive technology/accessibility.</p></aside>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-keyboard-interface",
            "name": "keyboard interface",
            "definition": "  <p>interface used by software to obtain keystroke input</p>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-110\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-110\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 1</span></div><div class=\"\"> <p>A keyboard interface allows users to provide keystroke input to programs even if the         native technology does not contain a keyboard.</p> <aside class=\"example\" id=\"example-13\"><div class=\"marker\">Example</div><p>A touchscreen PDA has a keyboard interface built into its operating system as well         as a connector for external keyboards. Applications on the PDA can use the interface         to obtain keyboard input either from an external keyboard or from other applications         that provide simulated keyboard output, such as handwriting interpreters or speech-to-text         applications with \"keyboard emulation\" functionality.</p></aside> </div></div>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-111\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-111\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 2</span></div><p class=\"\">Operation of the application (or parts of the application) through a keyboard-operated       mouse emulator, such as MouseKeys, does not qualify as operation through a keyboard       interface because operation of the program is through its pointing device interface,       not through its keyboard interface.    </p></div>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-keyboard-shortcuts",
            "name": "keyboard shortcut",
            "definition": "  <p>alternative means of triggering an action by the pressing of one or more keys</p>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-labels",
            "name": "label",
            "definition": "  <p><a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-text\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-text-10\" title=\"sequence of characters that can be programmatically determined, where the sequence is expressing something in human language\">text</a> or other component with a <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-text-alternative\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-text-alternative-3\" title=\"Text that is programmatically associated with non-text content or referred to from text that is programmatically associated with non-text content. Programmatically associated text is text whose location can be programmatically determined from the non-text content.\">text alternative</a> that is presented to a user to identify a component within Web <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-content\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-content-3\" title=\"information and sensory experience to be communicated to the user by means of a user agent, including code or markup that defines the content's structure, presentation, and interactions\">content</a></p>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-112\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-112\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 1</span></div><p class=\"\">A label is presented to all users whereas the <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-name\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-name-4\" title=\"text by which software can identify a component within Web content to the user\">name</a> may be hidden and only exposed by assistive technology. In many (but not all) cases       the name and the label are the same.    </p></div>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-113\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-113\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 2</span></div><p class=\"\">The term label is not limited to the label element in HTML.</p></div>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-large-scale",
            "name": "large scale",
            "definition": "  <p>with at least 18 point or 14 point bold or font size that would yield equivalent size       for Chinese, Japanese and Korean (CJK) fonts    </p>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-114\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-114\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 1</span></div><p class=\"\">Fonts with extraordinarily thin strokes or unusual features and characteristics that       reduce the familiarity of their letter forms are harder to read, especially at lower       contrast levels.    </p></div>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-115\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-115\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 2</span></div><p class=\"\">Font size is the size when the content is delivered. It does not include resizing       that may be done by a user.    </p></div>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-116\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-116\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 3</span></div><p class=\"\">The actual size of the character that a user sees is dependent both on the author-defined       size and the user's display or user agent settings. For many mainstream body text       fonts, 14 and 18 point is roughly equivalent to 1.2 and 1.5 em or to 120% or 150%       of the default size for body text (assuming that the body font is 100%), but authors       would need to check this for the particular fonts in use. When fonts are defined in       relative units, the actual point size is calculated by the user agent for display.       The point size should be obtained from the user agent, or calculated based on font       metrics as the user agent does, when evaluating this success criterion. Users who       have low vision would be responsible for choosing appropriate settings.    </p></div>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-117\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-117\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 4</span></div><p class=\"\">When using text without specifying the font size, the smallest font size used on major       browsers for unspecified text would be a reasonable size to assume for the font. If       a level 1 heading is rendered in 14pt bold or higher on major browsers, then it would       be reasonable to assume it is large text. Relative scaling can be calculated from       the default sizes in a similar fashion.    </p></div>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-118\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-118\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 5</span></div><p class=\"\">The 18 and 14 point sizes for roman texts are taken from the minimum size for large       print (14pt) and the larger standard font size (18pt). For other fonts such as CJK       languages, the \"equivalent\" sizes would be the minimum large print size used for those       languages and the next larger standard large print size.    </p></div>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-legal-commitments",
            "name": "legal commitments",
            "definition": "  <p>transactions where the person incurs a legally binding obligation or benefit</p>   <aside class=\"example\" id=\"example-14\"><div class=\"marker\">Example</div><p>A marriage license, a stock trade (financial and legal), a will, a loan, adoption,       signing up for the army, a contract of any type, etc.    </p></aside>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-purpose-of-each-link",
            "name": "link purpose",
            "definition": "  <p>nature of the result obtained by activating a hyperlink</p>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-live",
            "name": "live",
            "definition": "  <p>information captured from a real-world event and transmitted to the receiver with       no more than a broadcast delay    </p>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-119\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-119\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 1</span></div><p class=\"\">A broadcast delay is a short (usually automated) delay, for example used in order       to give the broadcaster time to cue or censor the audio (or video) feed, but not sufficient       to allow significant editing.    </p></div>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-120\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-120\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 2</span></div><p class=\"\">If information is completely computer generated, it is not live.</p></div>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-lower-secondary-education-level",
            "name": "lower secondary education level",
            "definition": "  <p>the two or three year period of education that begins after completion of six years       of school and ends nine years after the beginning of <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-primary-education\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-primary-education-1\" title=\"six year time period that begins between the ages of five and seven, possibly without any previous education\">primary education</a></p>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-121\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-121\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note</span></div><p class=\"\">This definition is based on the International Standard Classification of Education       [<cite><a class=\"bibref\" data-link-type=\"biblio\" href=\"#bib-unesco\" title=\"International Standard Classification of Education\">UNESCO</a></cite>].    </p></div>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-mechanism",
            "name": "mechanism",
            "definition": "  <p><a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-processes\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-processes-7\" title=\"series of user actions where each action is required in order to complete an activity\">process</a> or technique for achieving a result    </p>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-122\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-122\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 1</span></div><p class=\"\">The mechanism may be explicitly provided in the content, or may be <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-relied-upon\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-relied-upon-8\" title=\"the content would not conform if that technology is turned off or is not supported\">relied upon</a> to be provided by either the platform or by <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-user-agents\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-user-agents-9\" title=\"any software that retrieves and presents Web content for users\">user agents</a>, including <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-assistive-technologies\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-assistive-technologies-6\" title=\"hardware and/or software that acts as a user agent, or along with a mainstream user agent, to provide functionality to meet the requirements of users with disabilities that go beyond those offered by mainstream user agents\">assistive technologies</a>.    </p></div>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-123\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-123\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 2</span></div><p class=\"\">The mechanism needs to meet all success criteria for the conformance level claimed.</p></div>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-media-alternative-for-text",
            "name": "media alternative for text",
            "definition": "  <p>media that presents no more information than is already presented in text (directly       or via text alternatives)    </p>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-124\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-124\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note</span></div><p class=\"\">A media alternative for text is provided for those who benefit from alternate representations       of text. Media alternatives for text may be audio-only, video-only (including sign-language       video), or audio-video.    </p></div>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-motion-animation",
            "name": "motion animation",
            "definition": "  <p>addition of steps between conditions to create the illusion of movement or to give a sense of a smooth transition</p>   <aside class=\"example\" id=\"example-15\"><div class=\"marker\">Example</div><p>For example, an element which moves into place or changes size while appearing is considered to be animated. An element which appears instantly without transitioning is not using animation. Motion animation does not include changes of color, blurring, or opacity which do not change the perceived size, shape, or position of the element.</p></aside>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-bounding-boxes",
            "name": "minimum bounding box",
            "definition": "  <p class=\"change\">[New]</p>   <p>the smallest enclosing rectangle aligned to the horizontal axis within which all the points of a shape lie. For components which wrap onto multiple lines as part of a sentence or block of text (such as hypertext links), the bounding box is based on how the component would appear on a single line.</p>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-name",
            "name": "name",
            "definition": "  <p>text by which software can identify a component within Web content to the user</p>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-125\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-125\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 1</span></div><p class=\"\">The name may be hidden and only exposed by assistive technology, whereas a <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-labels\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-labels-4\" title=\"text or other component with a text alternative that is presented to a user to identify a component within Web content\">label</a> is presented to all users. In many (but not all) cases, the label and the name are       the same.    </p></div>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-126\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-126\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 2</span></div><p class=\"\">This is unrelated to the name attribute in HTML.</p></div>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-navigated-sequentially",
            "name": "navigated sequentially",
            "definition": "  <p>navigated in the order defined for advancing focus (from one element to the next)       using a <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-keyboard-interface\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-keyboard-interface-4\" title=\"interface used by software to obtain keystroke input\">keyboard interface</a></p>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-non-text-content",
            "name": "non-text content",
            "definition": "  <p>any content that is not a sequence of characters that can be <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-programmatically-determinable\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-programmatically-determinable-9\" title=\"determined by software from author-supplied data provided in a way that different user agents, including assistive technologies, can extract and present this information to users in different modalities\">programmatically determined</a> or where the sequence is not expressing something in <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-human-language-s\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-human-language-s-5\" title=\"language that is spoken, written or signed (through visual or tactile means) to communicate with humans\">human language</a></p>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-127\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-127\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note</span></div><p class=\"\">This includes <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-ascii-art\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-ascii-art-1\" title=\"picture created by a spatial arrangement of characters or glyphs (typically from the 95 printable characters defined by ASCII)\">ASCII Art</a> (which is a pattern of characters), emoticons, leetspeak (which uses character substitution),       and images representing text    </p></div>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-normative",
            "name": "normative",
            "definition": "  <p>required for conformance</p>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-128\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-128\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 1</span></div><p class=\"\">One may conform in a variety of well-defined ways to this document.</p></div>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-129\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-129\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 2</span></div><p class=\"\">Content identified as \"<a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-informative\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-informative-2\" title=\"for information purposes and not required for conformance\">informative</a>\" or \"non-normative\" is never required for <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-conform\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-conform-4\" title=\"satisfying all the requirements of a given standard, guideline or specification\">conformance</a>.</p></div>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-on-a-full-screen-window",
            "name": "on a full-screen window",
            "definition": "  <p>on the most common sized desktop/laptop display with the viewport maximized</p>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-130\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-130\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note</span></div><p class=\"\">Since people generally keep their computers for several years, it is best not to rely       on the latest desktop/laptop display resolutions but to consider the common desktop/laptop       display resolutions over the course of several years when making this evaluation.    </p></div>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-pause",
            "name": "paused",
            "definition": "  <p>stopped by user request and not resumed until requested by user</p>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-perimeter",
            "name": "perimeter",
            "definition": "  <p class=\"change\">[New]</p>   <p>continuous line forming the boundary of a shape not including shared pixels, or the <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-bounding-boxes\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-bounding-boxes-2\" title=\"[New]\">minimum bounding box</a>, whichever is shortest.</p>   <aside class=\"example\" id=\"example-16\"><div class=\"marker\">Example</div><p>The perimeter calculation for a 2 CSS pixel perimeter around a rectangle is 4<em>h</em>+4<em>w</em>, where <em>h</em> is the height and <em>w</em> is the width. For a 2 CSS pixel perimeter around a circle it is 4\ud835\udf0b<em>r</em>.</p></aside>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-pointer-inputs",
            "name": "pointer input",
            "definition": "  <p>input from a device that can target a specific coordinate (or set of coordinates) on a screen,       such as a mouse, pen, or touch contact    </p>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-131\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-131\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note</span></div><p class=\"\">See the <a href=\"https://www.w3.org/TR/pointerevents/#dfn-pointer\">Pointer Events       definition for \"pointer\"</a> [<cite><a class=\"bibref\" data-link-type=\"biblio\" href=\"#bib-pointerevents\" title=\"Pointer Events\">pointerevents</a></cite>].</p></div>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-prerecorded",
            "name": "prerecorded",
            "definition": "  <p>information that is not <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-live\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-live-3\" title=\"information captured from a real-world event and transmitted to the receiver with no more than a broadcast delay\">live</a></p>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-presentation",
            "name": "presentation",
            "definition": "  <p>rendering of the <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-content\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-content-4\" title=\"information and sensory experience to be communicated to the user by means of a user agent, including code or markup that defines the content's structure, presentation, and interactions\">content</a> in a form to be perceived by users    </p>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-primary-education",
            "name": "primary education level",
            "definition": "  <p>six year time period that begins between the ages of five and seven, possibly without       any previous education    </p>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-132\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-132\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note</span></div><p class=\"\">This definition is based on the International Standard Classification of Education       [<cite><a class=\"bibref\" data-link-type=\"biblio\" href=\"#bib-unesco\" title=\"International Standard Classification of Education\">UNESCO</a></cite>].    </p></div>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-processes",
            "name": "process",
            "definition": "  <p>series of user actions where each action is required in order to complete an activity</p>   <aside class=\"example\" id=\"example-17\"><div class=\"marker\">Example 1</div><p>Successful use of a series of Web pages on a shopping site requires users to view       alternative products, prices and offers, select products, submit an order, provide       shipping information and provide payment information.    </p></aside>   <aside class=\"example\" id=\"example-18\"><div class=\"marker\">Example 2</div><p>An account registration page requires successful completion of a <a href=\"https://www.w3.org/TR/turingtest/\">Turing test</a> before       the registration form can be accessed.    </p></aside>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-programmatically-determinable",
            "name": "programmatically determined",
            "definition": "  <p>determined by software from author-supplied data provided in a way that different       <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-user-agents\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-user-agents-10\" title=\"any software that retrieves and presents Web content for users\">user agents</a>, including <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-assistive-technologies\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-assistive-technologies-7\" title=\"hardware and/or software that acts as a user agent, or along with a mainstream user agent, to provide functionality to meet the requirements of users with disabilities that go beyond those offered by mainstream user agents\">assistive technologies</a>, can extract and present this information to users in different modalities    </p>   <aside class=\"example\" id=\"example-19\"><div class=\"marker\">Example 1</div><p>Determined in a markup language from elements and attributes that are accessed directly       by commonly available assistive technology.    </p></aside>   <aside class=\"example\" id=\"example-20\"><div class=\"marker\">Example 2</div><p>Determined from technology-specific data structures in a non-markup language and exposed       to assistive technology via an accessibility API that is supported by commonly available       assistive technology.       </p></aside>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-programmatically-determined-link-context",
            "name": "programmatically determined link context",
            "definition": "  <p>additional information that can be <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-programmatically-determinable\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-programmatically-determinable-10\" title=\"determined by software from author-supplied data provided in a way that different user agents, including assistive technologies, can extract and present this information to users in different modalities\">programmatically determined</a> from <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-relationships\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-relationships-2\" title=\"meaningful associations between distinct pieces of content\">relationships</a> with a link, combined with the link text, and presented to users in different modalities    </p>   <aside class=\"example\" id=\"example-21\"><div class=\"marker\">Example</div><p>In HTML, information that is programmatically determinable from a link in English       includes text that is in the same paragraph, list, or table cell as the link or in       a table header cell that is associated with the table cell that contains the link.    </p></aside>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-133\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-133\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note</span></div><p class=\"\">Since screen readers interpret punctuation, they can also provide the context from       the current sentence, when the focus is on a link in that sentence.    </p></div>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-programmatically-set",
            "name": "programmatically set",
            "definition": "  <p>set by software using methods that are supported by user agents, including assistive       technologies    </p>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-pure-decoration",
            "name": "pure decoration",
            "definition": "  <p>serving only an aesthetic purpose, providing no information, and having no functionality</p>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-134\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-134\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note</span></div><p class=\"\">Text is only purely decorative if the words can be rearranged or substituted without       changing their purpose.    </p></div>   <aside class=\"example\" id=\"example-22\"><div class=\"marker\">Example</div><p>The cover page of a dictionary has random words in very light text in the background.</p></aside>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-real-time-events",
            "name": "real-time event",
            "definition": "  <p>event that a) occurs at the same time as the viewing and b) is not completely generated       by the content    </p>   <aside class=\"example\" id=\"example-23\"><div class=\"marker\">Example 1</div><p>A Webcast of a live performance (occurs at the same time as the viewing and is not       prerecorded).    </p></aside>   <aside class=\"example\" id=\"example-24\"><div class=\"marker\">Example 2</div><p>An on-line auction with people bidding (occurs at the same time as the viewing).</p></aside>   <aside class=\"example\" id=\"example-25\"><div class=\"marker\">Example 3</div><p>Live humans interacting in a virtual world using avatars (is not completely generated       by the content and occurs at the same time as the viewing).    </p></aside>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-regions",
            "name": "region",
            "definition": "  <p>perceivable, programmatically determined section of content</p>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-135\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-135\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note</span></div><p class=\"\">In HTML, any area designated with a landmark role would be a region.</p></div>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-relationships",
            "name": "relationships",
            "definition": "  <p>meaningful associations between distinct pieces of content</p>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-relative-luminance",
            "name": "relative luminance",
            "definition": "  <p>the relative brightness of any point in a colorspace, normalized to 0 for darkest       black and 1 for lightest white    </p>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-136\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-136\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 1</span></div><div class=\"\"> <p>For the sRGB colorspace, the relative luminance of a color is defined as L = 0.2126       * <strong>R</strong> + 0.7152 * <strong>G</strong> + 0.0722 * <strong>B</strong> where <strong>R</strong>, <strong>G</strong> and <strong>B</strong> are defined as:    </p> <ul> <li>if RsRGB &lt;= 0.04045 then <strong>R</strong> = RsRGB/12.92 else <strong>R</strong> = ((RsRGB+0.055)/1.055) ^ 2.4       </li> <li>if GsRGB &lt;= 0.04045 then <strong>G</strong> = GsRGB/12.92 else <strong>G</strong> = ((GsRGB+0.055)/1.055) ^ 2.4       </li> <li>if BsRGB &lt;= 0.04045 then <strong>B</strong> = BsRGB/12.92 else <strong>B</strong> = ((BsRGB+0.055)/1.055) ^ 2.4       </li> </ul> <p>and RsRGB, GsRGB, and BsRGB are defined as:</p> <ul> <li>RsRGB = R8bit/255</li> <li>GsRGB = G8bit/255</li> <li>BsRGB = B8bit/255</li> </ul> <p>The \"^\" character is the exponentiation operator. (Formula taken from        [<cite><a class=\"bibref\" data-link-type=\"biblio\" href=\"#bib-srgb\" title=\"Multimedia systems and equipment - Colour measurement and management - Part 2-1: Colour management - Default RGB colour space - sRGB\">SRGB</a></cite>].)    </p> </div></div>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-137\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-137\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 2</span></div><p class=\"\">Before May 2021 the value of 0.04045 in the definition was different (0.03928). It was taken from an older version of the specification and has been updated. It has no practical effect on the calculations in the context of these guidelines.</p></div>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-138\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-138\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 3</span></div><p class=\"\">Almost all systems used today to view Web content assume sRGB encoding. Unless it       is known that another color space will be used to process and display the content,       authors should evaluate using sRGB colorspace. If using other color spaces, see <a href=\"https://www.w3.org/WAI/WCAG22/Understanding/contrast-minimum\">Understanding Success Criterion 1.4.3</a>.    </p></div>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-139\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-139\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 4</span></div><p class=\"\">If dithering occurs after delivery, then the source color value is used. For colors       that are dithered at the source, the average values of the colors that are dithered       should be used (average R, average G, and average B).    </p></div>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-140\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-140\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 5</span></div><p class=\"\">Tools are available that automatically do the calculations when testing contrast and       flash.    </p></div>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-141\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-141\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 6</span></div><p class=\"\">A <a href=\"relative-luminance.html\">separate page giving the relative luminance definition using MathML</a> to display the formulas is available.    </p></div>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-relied-upon",
            "name": "relied upon",
            "definition": "  <p>the content would not <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-conform\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-conform-5\" title=\"satisfying all the requirements of a given standard, guideline or specification\">conform</a> if that <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-technologies\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-technologies-7\" title=\"mechanism for encoding instructions to be rendered, played or executed by user agents\">technology</a> is turned off or is not supported    </p>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-role",
            "name": "role",
            "definition": "  <p>text or number by which software can identify the function of a component within Web       content    </p>   <aside class=\"example\" id=\"example-26\"><div class=\"marker\">Example</div><p>A number that indicates whether an image functions as a hyperlink, command button,       or check box.    </p></aside>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-same-functionality",
            "name": "same functionality",
            "definition": "  <p>same result when used</p>   <aside class=\"example\" id=\"example-27\"><div class=\"marker\">Example</div><p>A submit \"search\" button on one Web page and a \"find\" button on another Web page may       both have a field to enter a term and list topics in the Web site related to the term       submitted. In this case, they would have the same functionality but would not be labeled       consistently.    </p></aside>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-same-relative-order",
            "name": "same relative order",
            "definition": "  <p>same position relative to other items</p>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-142\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-142\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note</span></div><p class=\"\">Items are considered to be in the same relative order even if other items are inserted       or removed from the original order. For example, expanding navigation menus may insert       an additional level of detail or a secondary navigation section may be inserted into       the reading order.    </p></div>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-satisfies",
            "name": "satisfies a success criterion",
            "definition": "  <p>the success criterion does not evaluate to 'false' when applied to the page</p>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-section",
            "name": "section",
            "definition": "  <p>a self-contained portion of written content that deals with one or more related topics       or thoughts    </p>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-143\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-143\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note</span></div><p class=\"\">A section may consist of one or more paragraphs and include graphics, tables, lists       and sub-sections.    </p></div>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-set-of-web-pages",
            "name": "set of web pages",
            "definition": "  <p>collection of <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-web-page-s\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-web-page-s-19\" title=\"a non-embedded resource obtained from a single URI using HTTP plus any other resources that are used in the rendering or intended to be rendered together with it by a user agent\">web pages</a> that share a common purpose and that are created by the same author, group or organization    </p>   <aside class=\"example\" id=\"example-28\"><div class=\"marker\">Example</div><p>Examples include:</p> <ul> <li>a publication which is split across multiple Web pages, where each page contains one chapter or other significant section of the work. The publication is logically a single contiguous unit, and contains navigation features that enable access to the full set of pages.</li> <li>an e-commerce website shows products in a set of Web pages that all share the same navigation and identification. However, when progressing to the checkout process, the template changes; the navigation and other elements are removed, so the pages in that process are functionally and visually different. The checkout pages are not part of the set of product pages.</li> <li>a blog on a sub-domain (e.g. blog.example.com) which has a different navigation and is authored by a distinct set of people from the pages on the primary domain (example.com).</li> </ul></aside>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-144\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-144\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note</span></div><p class=\"\">Different language versions would be considered different sets of Web pages.</p></div>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-sign-language",
            "name": "sign language",
            "definition": "  <p>a language using combinations of movements of the hands and arms, facial expressions,       or body positions to convey meaning    </p>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-sign-language-interpretation",
            "name": "sign language interpretation",
            "definition": "  <p>translation of one language, generally a spoken language, into a <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-sign-language\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-sign-language-2\" title=\"a language using combinations of movements of the hands and arms, facial expressions, or body positions to convey meaning\">sign language</a></p>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-145\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-145\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note</span></div><p class=\"\">True sign languages are independent languages that are unrelated to the spoken language(s)       of the same country or region.    </p></div>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-single-pointer",
            "name": "single pointer",
            "definition": "  <p>pointer input that operates with one point of contact with the screen, including single taps and clicks, double-taps and clicks, long presses, and path-based gestures</p>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-specific-sensory-experience",
            "name": "specific sensory experience",
            "definition": "  <p>a sensory experience that is not purely decorative and does not primarily convey important       information or perform a function    </p>   <aside class=\"example\" id=\"example-29\"><div class=\"marker\">Example</div><p>Examples include a performance of a flute solo, works of visual art etc.</p></aside>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-states",
            "name": "state",
            "definition": "  <p>dynamic property expressing characteristics of a user interface component that may change in response to user action or automated processes</p>   <p>States do not affect the nature of the component, but represent data associated with the component or user interaction possibilities. Examples include focus, hover, select, press, check, visited/unvisited, and expand/collapse.</p>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-status-messages",
            "name": "status message",
            "definition": "  <p>change in content that is not a <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-change-of-context\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-change-of-context-4\" title=\"major changes that, if made without user awareness, can disorient users who are not able to view the entire page simultaneously\">change of context</a>, and that provides information to the user on the success or results of an action, on the waiting state of an application, on the progress of a process, or on the existence of errors</p>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-structure",
            "name": "structure",
            "definition": "  <ol> <li>The way the parts of a <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-web-page-s\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-web-page-s-20\" title=\"a non-embedded resource obtained from a single URI using HTTP plus any other resources that are used in the rendering or intended to be rendered together with it by a user agent\">Web page</a> are organized in relation to each other; and       </li> <li>The way a collection of <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-web-page-s\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-web-page-s-21\" title=\"a non-embedded resource obtained from a single URI using HTTP plus any other resources that are used in the rendering or intended to be rendered together with it by a user agent\">Web pages</a> is organized       </li> </ol>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-style-properties",
            "name": "style property",
            "definition": "  <p>property whose value determines the presentation (e.g. font, color, size, location, padding, volume, synthesized speech prosody) of  content elements as they are rendered (e.g. onscreen, via loudspeaker, via braille display) by user agents</p>   <p>Style properties can have several origins:</p>   <ul> <li>User agent default styles: The default style property values applied in the absence of any author or user styles. Some web content technologies specify a default rendering, others do not;</li> <li>Author styles: Style property values that are set by the author as part of the content (e.g. in-line styles, author style sheets);</li> <li>User styles: Style property values that are set by the user (e.g. via user agent interface settings, user style sheets)</li> </ul>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-supplementary-content",
            "name": "supplemental content",
            "definition": "  <p>additional <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-content\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-content-5\" title=\"information and sensory experience to be communicated to the user by means of a user agent, including code or markup that defines the content's structure, presentation, and interactions\">content</a> that illustrates or clarifies the primary content    </p>   <aside class=\"example\" id=\"example-30\"><div class=\"marker\">Example 1</div><p>An audio version of a <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-web-page-s\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-web-page-s-22\" title=\"a non-embedded resource obtained from a single URI using HTTP plus any other resources that are used in the rendering or intended to be rendered together with it by a user agent\">Web page</a>.    </p></aside>   <aside class=\"example\" id=\"example-31\"><div class=\"marker\">Example 2</div><p>An illustration of a complex <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-processes\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-processes-8\" title=\"series of user actions where each action is required in order to complete an activity\">process</a>.    </p></aside>   <aside class=\"example\" id=\"example-32\"><div class=\"marker\">Example 3</div><p>A paragraph summarizing the major outcomes and recommendations made in a research       study.    </p></aside>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-synchronized-media",
            "name": "synchronized media",
            "definition": "  <p><a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-audio\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-audio-6\" title=\"the technology of sound reproduction\">audio</a> or <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-video\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-video-10\" title=\"the technology of moving or sequenced pictures or images\">video</a> synchronized with another format for presenting information and/or with time-based       interactive components, unless the media is a <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-media-alternative-for-text\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-media-alternative-for-text-4\" title=\"media that presents no more information than is already presented in text (directly or via text alternatives)\">media alternative for text</a> that is clearly labeled as such    </p>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-targets",
            "name": "target",
            "definition": "  <p>region of the display that will accept a pointer action, such as the interactive area of a user interface component</p>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-146\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-146\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note</span></div><p class=\"\">If two or more targets are overlapping, the overlapping area should not be included in the measurement of the target size, except when the overlapping targets perform the same action or open the same page.</p></div>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-technologies",
            "name": "technology",
            "definition": "  <p><a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-mechanism\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-mechanism-16\" title=\"process or technique for achieving a result\">mechanism</a> for encoding instructions to be rendered, played or executed by <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-user-agents\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-user-agents-11\" title=\"any software that retrieves and presents Web content for users\">user agents</a></p>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-147\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-147\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 1</span></div><p class=\"\">As used in these guidelines \"Web Technology\" and the word \"technology\" (when used       alone) both refer to Web Content Technologies.    </p></div>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-148\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-148\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 2</span></div><p class=\"\">Web content technologies may include markup languages, data formats, or programming       languages that authors may use alone or in combination to create end-user experiences       that range from static Web pages to synchronized media presentations to dynamic Web       applications.    </p></div>   <aside class=\"example\" id=\"example-33\"><div class=\"marker\">Example</div><p>Some common examples of Web content technologies include HTML, CSS, SVG, PNG, PDF,       Flash, and JavaScript.    </p></aside>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-text",
            "name": "text",
            "definition": "  <p>sequence of characters that can be <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-programmatically-determinable\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-programmatically-determinable-11\" title=\"determined by software from author-supplied data provided in a way that different user agents, including assistive technologies, can extract and present this information to users in different modalities\">programmatically determined</a>, where the sequence is expressing something in <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-human-language-s\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-human-language-s-6\" title=\"language that is spoken, written or signed (through visual or tactile means) to communicate with humans\">human language</a></p>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-text-alternative",
            "name": "text alternative",
            "definition": "  <p><a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-text\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-text-11\" title=\"sequence of characters that can be programmatically determined, where the sequence is expressing something in human language\">Text</a> that is programmatically associated with <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-non-text-content\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-non-text-content-3\" title=\"any content that is not a sequence of characters that can be programmatically determined or where the sequence is not expressing something in human language\">non-text content</a> or referred to from text that is programmatically associated with non-text content.       Programmatically associated text is text whose location can be programmatically determined       from the non-text content.    </p>   <aside class=\"example\" id=\"example-34\"><div class=\"marker\">Example</div><p>An image of a chart is described in text in the paragraph after the chart. The short       text alternative for the chart indicates that a description follows.    </p></aside>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-149\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-149\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note</span></div><p class=\"\">Refer to <a href=\"https://www.w3.org/WAI/WCAG21/Understanding/conformance#text-alternatives\">Understanding Text Alternatives</a> for more information.    </p></div>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-up-event",
            "name": "up-event",
            "definition": "  <p>platform event that occurs  when the trigger stimulus of a pointer is released</p>   <p>The up-event may have different names on different platforms, such as \"touchend\" or \"mouseup\".</p>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-used-in-an-unusual-or-restricted-way",
            "name": "used in an unusual or restricted way",
            "definition": "  <p>words used in such a way that requires users to know exactly which definition to apply       in order to understand the content correctly    </p>   <aside class=\"example\" id=\"example-35\"><div class=\"marker\">Example</div><p>The term \"gig\" means something different if it occurs in a discussion of music concerts       than it does in article about computer hard drive space, but the appropriate definition       can be determined from context. By contrast, the word \"text\" is used in a very specific       way in WCAG 2.1, so a definition is supplied in the glossary.    </p></aside>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-user-agents",
            "name": "user agent",
            "definition": "  <p>any software that retrieves and presents Web content for users</p>   <aside class=\"example\" id=\"example-36\"><div class=\"marker\">Example</div><p>Web browsers, media players, plug-ins, and other programs \u2014 including <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-assistive-technologies\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-assistive-technologies-8\" title=\"hardware and/or software that acts as a user agent, or along with a mainstream user agent, to provide functionality to meet the requirements of users with disabilities that go beyond those offered by mainstream user agents\">assistive technologies</a> \u2014 that help in retrieving, rendering, and interacting with Web content.    </p></aside>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-user-controllable",
            "name": "user-controllable",
            "definition": "  <p>data that is intended to be accessed by users</p>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-150\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-150\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note</span></div><p class=\"\">This does not refer to such things as Internet logs and search engine monitoring data.</p></div>   <aside class=\"example\" id=\"example-37\"><div class=\"marker\">Example</div><p>Name and address fields for a user's account.</p></aside>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-user-interface-components",
            "name": "user interface component",
            "definition": "  <p>a part of the content that is perceived by users as a single control for a distinct       function    </p>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-151\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-151\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 1</span></div><p class=\"\">Multiple user interface components may be implemented as a single programmatic element.       \"Components\" here is not tied to programming techniques, but rather to what the user       perceives as separate controls.    </p></div>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-152\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-152\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 2</span></div><p class=\"\">User interface components include form elements and links as well as components generated       by scripts.    </p></div>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-153\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-153\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 3</span></div><p class=\"\">What is meant by \"component\" or \"user interface component\" here is also sometimes       called \"user interface element\".    </p></div>   <aside class=\"example\" id=\"example-38\"><div class=\"marker\">Example</div><p>An applet has a \"control\" that can be used to move through content by line or page       or random access. Since each of these would need to have a name and be settable independently,       they would each be a \"user interface component.\"    </p></aside>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-user-inactivity",
            "name": "user inactivity",
            "definition": "  <p>any continuous period of time where no user actions occur</p>   <p>The method of tracking will be determined by the web site or application.</p>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-video",
            "name": "video",
            "definition": "  <p>the technology of moving or sequenced pictures or images</p>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-154\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-154\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note</span></div><p class=\"\">Video can be made up of animated or photographic images, or both.</p></div>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-video-only",
            "name": "video-only",
            "definition": "  <p>a time-based presentation that contains only <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-video\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-video-11\" title=\"the technology of moving or sequenced pictures or images\">video</a> (no <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-audio\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-audio-7\" title=\"the technology of sound reproduction\">audio</a> and no interaction)    </p>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-viewport",
            "name": "viewport",
            "definition": "  <p>object in which the user agent presents content</p>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-155\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-155\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 1</span></div><p class=\"\">The <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-user-agents\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-user-agents-12\" title=\"any software that retrieves and presents Web content for users\">user agent</a> presents content through one or more viewports. Viewports include windows, frames,       loudspeakers, and virtual magnifying glasses. A viewport may contain another viewport       (e.g., nested frames). Interface components created by the user agent such as prompts,       menus, and alerts are not viewports.    </p></div>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-156\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-156\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 2</span></div><p class=\"\">This definition is based on <a href=\"https://www.w3.org/TR/WAI-USERAGENT/glossary.html\">User Agent Accessibility Guidelines 1.0 Glossary</a> [<cite><a class=\"bibref\" data-link-type=\"biblio\" href=\"#bib-uaag10\" title=\"User Agent Accessibility Guidelines 1.0\">UAAG10</a></cite>].    </p></div>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-visually-customized",
            "name": "visually customized",
            "definition": "  <p>the font, size, color, and background can be set</p>  "
        },
        {
            "id": "dfn-web-page-s",
            "name": "Web page",
            "definition": "  <p>a non-embedded resource obtained from a single URI using HTTP plus any other resources       that are used in the rendering or intended to be rendered together with it by a <a class=\"internalDFN\" data-link-type=\"dfn\" href=\"#dfn-user-agents\" id=\"ref-for-dfn-user-agents-13\" title=\"any software that retrieves and presents Web content for users\">user agent</a></p>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-157\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-157\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 1</span></div><p class=\"\">Although any \"other resources\" would be rendered together with the primary resource,       they would not necessarily be rendered simultaneously with each other.    </p></div>   <div class=\"note\" id=\"issue-container-generatedID-158\" role=\"note\"><div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"note-title marker\" id=\"h-note-158\" role=\"heading\"><span>Note 2</span></div><p class=\"\">For the purposes of conformance with these guidelines, a resource must be \"non-embedded\"       within the scope of conformance to be considered a Web page.    </p></div>   <aside class=\"example\" id=\"example-39\"><div class=\"marker\">Example 1</div><p>A Web resource including all embedded images and media.</p></aside>   <aside class=\"example\" id=\"example-40\"><div class=\"marker\">Example 2</div><p>A Web mail program built using Asynchronous JavaScript and XML (AJAX). The program       lives entirely at http://example.com/mail, but includes an inbox, a contacts area       and a calendar. Links or buttons are provided that cause the inbox, contacts, or calendar       to display, but do not change the URI of the page as a whole.    </p></aside>   <aside class=\"example\" id=\"example-41\"><div class=\"marker\">Example 3</div><p>A customizable portal site, where users can choose content to display from a set of       different content modules.    </p></aside>   <aside class=\"example\" id=\"example-42\"><div class=\"marker\">Example 4</div><p>When you enter \"http://shopping.example.com/\" in your browser, you enter a movie-like       interactive shopping environment where you visually move around in a store dragging       products off of the shelves around you and into a visual shopping cart in front of       you. Clicking on a product causes it to be demonstrated with a specification sheet       floating alongside. This might be a single-page Web site or just one page within a       Web site.    </p></aside>  "
        }
    ]
}